Long-Term Outcome of Central Toxic Keratopathy After Photorefractive Keratectomy

Neira, Waldir; Holopainen, Juha M.; Tervo, Timo

doi:10.1097/ico.0b013e31821142d0

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…With these findings and our literature review of all available publications on CTK, the most effective management for CTK thus far is close-monitoring 2 4 8 12 14 15. Numerous studies and case series have proven that corneal opacification in CTK clears within 18 months without intervention or treatment 4 12.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Bilateral central toxic keratopathy after laser in situ keratomileusis

Abd‐Elmaksoud¹,

Khoo

Hanoot

et al. 2015

BMJ Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Bilateral central toxic keratopathy after laser in situ keratomileusis

Abd‐Elmaksoud¹,

Khoo

Hanoot

et al. 2015

BMJ Case Reports

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“… 1 3 Several case studies claimed that the incidence of CTK is not exclusive to the mechanical microkeratome-assisted LASIK surgeries and has also developed after femtosecond LASIK, photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), trans-PRK, and small incision lenticule extraction surgeries. 3 5 6 7 8 The incidence of CTK after procedures other than LASIK suggests that in contrast to previous clinical belief, the pathophysiology could not be related to the flap formation. The exact etiology of CTK remains uncertain; however, different inciting pathogeneses have been proposed, including intraoperative meibomian gland secretions and photoactivation of povidone-iodine by the excimer laser.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Most of the previously reported CTK cases have occurred following LASIK. 2 3 However, there are some reports of CTK development after other refractive surgery procedures, 3 5 6 8 contact lens use, 9 10 and idiopathic causes. 11 The current belief is that the exact cause of CTK remains a matter of debate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Minoxidil Solution-Induced Central Toxic Keratopathy following Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Case Study

et al. 2022

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Purpose: To report the clinical findings of unilateral central toxic keratopathy (CTK) associated with inadvertent exposure to topical minoxidil 5% solution 1 day after bilateral photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods: Anterior segment slit-lamp photography, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), pachymetry map, epithelial map, and manifest refractions were recorded. Results: This is a case of a 27-year-old male who underwent bilateral PRK and presented 5 days after surgery with the complaint of acute decreased visual acuity in the left eye (LE). His LE was reportedly exposed to topical ethanol-based minoxidil 5% on postoperative day 1, which he was using as a posthair transplant treatment. Clinical examination showed hyperopic shift, poor visual acuity, central corneal opacity, epithelial irregularity, central corneal thinning, and flattening on AS-OCT. These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of CTK. The patient was monitored with conservative treatment and demonstrated full recovery after 6 months. Conclusion: It is recommended to warn patients who have undergone refractive surgery concerning the use of ethanol-containing agents, such as minoxidil solution, because of the possible risk of CTK, a complication not formally recognized.

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“…There are several theories about its pathogenesis but the mechanism remains unknown. Some authors suggest that it is related to a toxic reaction to the powder from the gloves, povidone iodine, secretion of the meibomian glands or postsurgical debris from the microkeratome blade 1 3 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%