Long-term outcome after traumatic anterior dislocation of the hip

Pathophysiology and risk factors for osteonecrosis

“…Hougaard et al found the rate of ON to be 4.8 and 52.9 % in their case-control study that analyzed patients with a posterior dislocation reduced before and after 6 h following the injury [46]. There is a paucity of data on long-term outcomes of anterior hip dislocations, but some studies suggest the occurrence of ON of the femoral head in about 10 % of patients [48,49].…”

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Avascular Necrosis and Posttraumatic Arthritis After Traumatic Hip Dislocation

“…An increased time to reduction, cartilage injury to the femoral head, associated acetabulum fracture, and the presence of polytrauma have all been associated with a worse prognosis. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Posterior dislocations are very common and associated often with hitting the knee on the dashboard forcing the femoral head out posteriorly. Most surgeons believe that a closed reduction as soon as possible leads to an improved result, but the exact timing of this treatment and its possible benefits are unclear.…”

“…Most series are confusing because of the other previously mentioned associated injuries and with further subclassifications, resulting in the numbers in each group becoming small. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] This systematic review was undertaken to determine the incidence of AVN and PTA after traumatic hip dislocation and to examine whether the direction of dislocation, presence of associated fractures, or time to reduction were factors implicated in producing a higher complication rate.…”

Managing Hip Pain in the Athlete

“…64 Most cases are posterior dislocations, accounting for 87% to 93% of all dislocations. 67 The dislocated hip requires emergent treatment in order to minimize the risk of complications. The most common complication is osteonecrosis, but nerve injury, acetabular labral tears, and chondral injuries may also occur.…”