Long-term ketogenic diet contributes to glycemic control but promotes lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic mice

Zhang, Xiaoyu; Qin, Juliang; Zhao, Yihan; Shi, Jing; Lan, Rong Fang; Gan, Yunqiu; Ren, Hua; Qian, Min; Du, Bing

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.002

Cited by 42 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These results are not consistent with other studies (44)(45)(46), which concluded that KD increased the serum levels of total lipids and LDL-C. However, Sharma et al (47) did not observe significant alterations to the lipid profile of children with refractory epilepsy treated with KD, which remained within normal limits throughout the study.…”

Section: Kambach Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…It is conceivable that a longer duration of the concomitant regimen may provide additional insight into the benefits of this regimen. However, shorter interventions may prove beneficial as well; for example, using a type 2 diabetic mouse model, Zhang et al (45) demonstrated that just PI FG TC LDL HDL TG 1 77 211 113 80 92 2 71 295 189 79 136 3 87 214 103 65 230 4 96 306 147 145 81 5 86 235 132 67 PI FG TC LDL HDL TG 1 74 170 93 61 81 2 68 210 135 70 100 3 82 211 89 70 200 4 83 222 127 57 71 5 81 200 120 73 134 6 75 320 172 74 373 7 95 188 100 50 190 8 80 265 153 91 106 9 85 200 110 70 8 weeks of KD was sufficient to improve glucose and insulin tolerance, although hepatic lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis were observed. Future studies investigating the KD as an adjuvant strategy to combat malignant gliomas should explore the optimal duration of this dietary intervention to support superior therapeutic outcomes.…”

Section: Kambach Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of a ketogenic diet with concomitant intranasal perillyl alcohol as a novel strategy for the therapy of recurrent glioblastoma

et al. 2017

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Abstract. It has been hypothesized that persistent ketotic hypoglycemia represents a potential therapeutic strategy against high-grade gliomas. Perillyl alcohol (POH) is a non-toxic, naturally-occurring, hydroxylated monoterpene that exhibits cytotoxicity against temozolomide-resistant glioma cells, regardless of O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase promoter methylation status. The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of intranasal POH when administered in combination with a ketogenic diet (KD) program for the treatment of patients with recurrent glioblastoma. The 32 enrolled patients were divided into two groups, KD or standard diet, with intranasal POH treatment (n=17 and n=15, respectively). The nutritional status and anthropometric parameters of the patients were measured. Patients that adhered to the KD maintained a strict dietary regimen, in addition to receiving 55 mg POH four times daily, in an uninterrupted administration schedule for three months. Neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging analysis were used to monitor disease progression. A total of 9/17 patients in the KD group survived and maintained compliance with the KD. After three months of well-tolerated treatment, a partial response (PR) was observed for 77.8% (7/9) of the patients, stable disease (SD) in 11.1% (1/9) and 11.1% (1/9) presented with progressive disease (PD). Among the patients assigned to the standard diet group, the PR rate was 25% (2/8 patients), SD 25% (2/8) and PD 50% (4/8 patients). The patients assigned to the KD group presented with reduced serum lipid levels and decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. These results are encouraging and suggest that KD associated with intranasal POH may represent a viable option as an adjunct therapy for recurrent GBM.

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Section: Kambach Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Kambach Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a ketogenic diet with concomitant intranasal perillyl alcohol as a novel strategy for the therapy of recurrent glioblastoma

et al. 2017

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“…Rats were fasted overnight before being assigned into two groups fed with either the standard growing/maintenance diet (STD) or KD (purchased from and made by, respectively, by Beijing Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co.). The composition of the KD in a previous report was used here [14] and is shown in Table 1. Body weights were measured every three days until the end of the experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ketogenic diet improves the spatial memory impairment caused by exposure to hypobaric hypoxia through increased acetylation of histones in rats

et al. 2017

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Exposure to hypobaric hypoxia causes neuron cell damage, resulting in impaired cognitive function. Effective interventions to antagonize hypobaric hypoxia-induced memory impairment are in urgent need. Ketogenic diet (KD) has been successfully used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy and improves cognitive behaviors in epilepsy patients and other pathophysiological animal models. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential beneficial effects of a KD on memory impairment caused by hypobaric hypoxia and the underlying possible mechanisms. We showed that the KD recipe used was ketogenic and increased plasma levels of ketone bodies, especially β-hydroxybutyrate. The results of the behavior tests showed that the KD did not affect general locomotor activity but obviously promoted spatial learning. Moreover, the KD significantly improved the spatial memory impairment caused by hypobaric hypoxia (simulated altitude of 6000 m, 24 h). In addition, the improving-effect of KD was mimicked by intraperitoneal injection of BHB. The western blot and immunohistochemistry results showed that KD treatment not only increased the acetylated levels of histone H3 and histone H4 compared to that of the control group but also antagonized the decrease in the acetylated histone H3 and H4 when exposed to hypobaric hypoxia. Furthermore, KD-hypoxia treatment also promoted PKA/CREB activation and BDNF protein expression compared to the effects of hypoxia alone. These results demonstrated that KD is a promising strategy to improve spatial memory impairment caused by hypobaric hypoxia, in which increased modification of histone acetylation plays an important role.

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“…Many individuals are also concerned about fat intake's effect on cholesterol and lipid levels. Several studies conclude that the low‐carbohydrate ketogenic diet improves blood glucose, lipid, and cholesterol levels in humans but shows different results in rodents . Low‐carbohydrate ketogenic diets show lipid accumulation, hepatic steatosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rodents .…”

Section: Low‐carbohydrate and Ketogenic Diet To Manage Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without the proper amount of carbohydrates, the body will create glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors or gluconeogenesis. The adherence to such a restrictive carbohydrate diet is also a concern, plus the long‐term effects of this diet such as the stimulation of the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and systemic glucose intolerance found in mice . Nevertheless, the ketogenic diet provides impressive results for weight loss, which aids in decreasing insulin resistance and reducing blood glucose levels .…”

Section: Low‐carbohydrate and Ketogenic Diet To Manage Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of popular diets on type 2 diabetes management

Chester

Babu

Greene

et al. 2019

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Type 2 diabetes can be managed with the use of diabetes self-management skills.Diet and exercise are essential segments of the lifestyle changes necessary for diabetes management. However, diet recommendations can be complicated in a world full of different diets. This review aims to evaluate the evidence on the effects of three popular diets geared towards diabetes management: low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diet, vegan diet, and the Mediterranean diet. While all three diets have been shown to assist in improving glycaemic control and weight loss, patient adherence, acceptability, and long-term manageability play essential roles in the efficacy of each diet.

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Long-term ketogenic diet contributes to glycemic control but promotes lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic mice

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Efficacy of a ketogenic diet with concomitant intranasal perillyl alcohol as a novel strategy for the therapy of recurrent glioblastoma

Efficacy of a ketogenic diet with concomitant intranasal perillyl alcohol as a novel strategy for the therapy of recurrent glioblastoma

Ketogenic diet improves the spatial memory impairment caused by exposure to hypobaric hypoxia through increased acetylation of histones in rats

The effects of popular diets on type 2 diabetes management

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