Long-term Conservation Tillage Effect on Soil Organic Carbon and Available Phosphorous Content in Vertisols of Central India

Kushwa, V.; Hati, K. M.; Sinha, Nishant K.; Singh, Rakesh Kumar; Mohanty, M.; Somasundaram, J.; Jain, Rakesh; Chaudhary, R. S.; Biswas, A. K.; Patra, A. K.

doi:10.1007/s40003-016-0223-9

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…() in Northern Great Plains in USA and Kushwa et al . () in vertisols of Central India. In fact, the non‐significant responses of SOC to NT under SB–0 N or SR–0 N were consistent with the results from many long‐term field trials (mostly <20 years) under continuous cereal crops in Australia (Carter & Mele, ; Fettell & Gill, ; Dalal & Chan, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of 47 Years of No Tillage and Stubble Retention on Soil Aggregation and Carbon Distribution in a Vertisol

et al. 2017

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Aggregation often provides physical protection and stabilisation of soil organic carbon (C). No tillage (NT) coupled with stubble retention (SR) and nitrogen (N) fertiliser application (90 N, 90 kg N ha−1 application) can help improve soil aggregation. However, information is lacking on the effect of long‐term NT, SR and N fertiliser (NT, SR + N) application on soil aggregation and C distribution in different aggregates in vertisols. We analysed the soil samples collected from 0‐ to 30‐cm depth from a long‐term (47 years) experiment for soil aggregation and aggregate‐associated C and N. This long‐term field experiment originally consisted of 12 treatments, having plot size of 61·9 × 6·4 m, and these plots were arranged in a randomised block design with four replications, covering an area of 1·9 ha. Soil organic C concentrations as well as stocks were significantly higher under the treatment of NT, SR + N only in 0–10 cm compared with other treatments such as conventional tillage, stubble burning + 0 N (no N application) and conventional tillage, SR + 0 N. Mineral‐associated organic C (MOC) of <0·053 mm was 5–12 times higher (r = 0·68, p < 0·05, n = 32) compared with particulate organic C (POC) (>0·053 mm) in the 0‐ to 30‐cm layer. We found that NT, SR + N treatment had a positive impact on soil aggregation, as measured by the mean weight diameter (MWD) through wet sieving procedure, but only in the top 0‐ to 10‐cm depth. MWD had significant positive correlation with water stable aggregates (r = 0·67, p < 0·05). Unlike MWD, water stable aggregates were not affected by tillage and stubble management. Large macroaggregates (>2 mm) had significantly higher organic C and N concentrations than small macroaggregates (0·25–2 mm) or microaggregates (0·053–0·25 mm). We also found that N application had a significant effect on MWD and soil organic C in vertisols. It is evident that better soil aggregation was recorded under NTSR90N could have a positive influence on soil C sequestration. Our results further highlight the importance of soil aggregation and aggregate‐associated C in relation to C sequestration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of 47 Years of No Tillage and Stubble Retention on Soil Aggregation and Carbon Distribution in a Vertisol

et al. 2017

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“…The information regarding the effect of CA on soil properties under the irrigated ecosystem in Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGPs) is plenty (Das et al 2014) but very scanty under rainfed regions. Although reports are available on most major nutrient status and SOC in CT soils (Srinivasarao et al 2014;Kushwa et al 2016), limited information is available on phosphorus and micro-nutrient status under the CA system in the rainfed Vertisols of Central India (Hati et al 2015;Kushwa et al 2016;Kushwah et al 2016). Therefore, this study hypothesized that the adoption of CA practices, even for the short term (< 5 years), could enhance the availability of macro-and micro-nutrients than CT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Conservation Tillage, Residue Management, and Crop Rotation Effects on Soil Major and Micro-nutrients in Semi-arid Vertisols of India

Somasundaram

Sinha

Mohanty

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Due to declining soil quality and increasing climate change, resource conservation technologies are often advocated for the food production system. Conservation agriculture (CA) is one of the technologies that increase soil nutrient status without jeopardizing the soil health and quality. The effects of conservation tillage, residue retention, and cropping systems on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties within the irrigated agricultural system are well established. However, scanty information is available on the combined impact of tillage, residue, and cropping system available on the major and micronutrient in the rainfed farming systems. Thus, a field experiment was conducted to measure the short-term effect of CA practices on soil properties and major (N, P, and K) and micro (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu)-nutrients in a Vertisol of Central India. The field experiment was laid out in a split-plot design consisting of two tillage systems (TS), conventional tillage (CT) and reduced tillage (RT), as the main plots and six cropping systems (CS) as subplots. A total of 144 soil samples were collected after four crop cycles to assess soil properties and nutrient (major and micro-nutrient) status. Results demonstrated that in the surface soil layer (0-5 cm), the major and micro-nutrient concentrations were higher than subsurface layers, regardless of TS and CS. In the surface soils, soil organic carbon (SOC) varied from 0.58 to 0.60% under CT and from 0.60 to 0.62% under RT. Tillage and cropping systems had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on major available nutrients (N, P, and K) at 0-5-cm depth. The DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn concentrations exhibited decreasing trends with increasing depth.

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“…Furthermore, Liu (2019) showed that SS could reduce soil compaction and bulk density ( Zhang et al, 2017 ), and promote the transformation of straw, stubble, and roots into deep soils, thus increasing the carbon contents of deep soils. Kushwa et al (2016) found that CT often interferes with soil aggregates, leading to the exposure of the organic carbon protected by them, as well as the turnover of macro-aggregates, which leads to the decomposition of soil aggregates and AOC loss and limits crop yields. Compared with CT, the mean AOC content in the 0–40-cm soil layer increased by 5.4% and 9.1%, respectively, with NT and SS, but there was no significant difference between RT and CT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsoiling increases aggregate-associated organic carbon, dry matter, and maize yield on the North China Plain

Shen

Zhang

Cui

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Soil degradation is one of the main problems in agricultural production and leads to decreases in soil quality and productivity. Improper farming practices speed this process and are therefore not conducive to food security. The North China Plain (NCP) is a key agricultural area that greatly influences food security in China. To explore the effects of different tillage measures on aggregate-associated organic carbon (AOC), the accumulation and transport of dry matter, and maize yield, and to identify the most suitable tillage method for use on the NCP, a field experiment was conducted at Shandong Agricultural University from 2016–2017 using plots that have been farmed using conservation tillage since 2002. Methods In this study, Zhengdan 958 summer maize was used as the test material and undisturbed soil and plant samples were obtained under four tillage methods—no-tillage (NT, tillage depth: 0 cm); rotary tillage (RT, tillage depth: 10 cm); conventional tillage (CT, tillage depth: 20 cm); subsoiling (SS, tillage depth: 40 cm)—which were used to determine the AOC and dry matter contents, as well as the yields of two summer maize growing seasons. Each sample was replicated three times and the AOC content was determined via potassium dichromate oxidation colorimetry. Potassium dichromate oxidized organic carbon in organic matter was employed to reduce hexadecent chromium into green trivalent chromium. Colorimetry was then used to determine the amount of reduced trivalent chromium and calculate the organic matter content. Results The resulting data were statistically analyzed and the results showed that, compared with CT, the AOC contents with NT and SS increased by 5.65% and 9.73%, respectively, while that with RT decreased by 0.12%. Conventional tillage resulted in the highest mean dry matter weight when the maize reached maturity, which was 19.19%, 9.83%, and 3.38% higher than those achieved using NT, RT, and SS, respectively. No significant difference was found between CT and SS treatments, both of which tended to increase the accumulation of dry matter as well as its contribution of assimilates to grain yield post-anthesis. Compared with CT, the mean yield increased at a rate of 0.18% with SS, while yields declined at rates of 17.17% and 11.15 with NT and RT, respectively. The yield with NT was the lowest, though the harvest indices with NT and SS were higher than those with RT and CT. Overall, SS increased the accumulation of dry matter and its contribution of assimilates to grain yields post-anthesis, as well as the AOC content and yields, making it the ideal tillage method for the NCP.

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Long-term Conservation Tillage Effect on Soil Organic Carbon and Available Phosphorous Content in Vertisols of Central India

Cited by 31 publications

References 32 publications

Impact of 47 Years of No Tillage and Stubble Retention on Soil Aggregation and Carbon Distribution in a Vertisol

Impact of 47 Years of No Tillage and Stubble Retention on Soil Aggregation and Carbon Distribution in a Vertisol

Conservation Tillage, Residue Management, and Crop Rotation Effects on Soil Major and Micro-nutrients in Semi-arid Vertisols of India

Subsoiling increases aggregate-associated organic carbon, dry matter, and maize yield on the North China Plain

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