Location and Re-Formation of the Epithelial Barrier to Water Vapor

Monash, Samuel

doi:10.1001/archderm.1958.01560120030005

Cited by 71 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…After successive stripping with adhesive tape (Scoth Magic Tape), TEWL reaches very high values as measured with the Evaporimeter (101 g/m2-h) and Tewameter (94 g/m2-h). As already found by many other researchers [14][15][16][17], this significant increase in TEWL record ed after 30-40 strippings reflects the tempora ry destruction of the barrier function of the stratum corneum. Occlusion.…”

Section: Applications O F Tewl Measurementssupporting

confidence: 73%

Study of the Stratum corneum Barrier Function by Transepidermal Water Loss Measurements: Comparison between Two Commercial Instruments: Evaporimeter® and Tewameter®

Barel

Clarys²

1995

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) is an important noninvasive method in order to assess the barrier function of the stratum corneum. As a consequence, TEWL has been found to be a very useful technique for studying skin irritation induced by various physical and chemical effects. Exposure of the skin to chemicals (detergents) and physical conditions (occlusion and stripping) generally results in an increase of TEWL. Until recently the only commercially available TEWL instrument was the Evaporimeter^® developed by ServoMed (Sweden). The instrument is based on the open chamber system with two humidity and temperature sensors which measure the water evaporation gradient at the surface of the skin. Recently a new commercially available instrument based on the same physical principle of measurement was developed by Courage and Khazaka (Tewameter^®, FRG). Our aim in this study has been to compare the measuring capacities of both instruments. The accuracy, sensitivity, variability and reproducibility of both instruments were compared in vivo under identical conditions on normal skin and skin damaged by external conditions. The influence of external and environmental factors such as air and probe temperature, relative humidity, air turbulence and pressure of application was evaluated for both instruments. Finally, the two instruments were compared in practice when following the increase in TEWL of the skin after stripping, occlusion and exposure to irritant household detergents. A very good correlation (r = +0.97) was found between the results of the two instruments over a wide range of TEWL values.

show abstract

Section: Applications O F Tewl Measurementssupporting

confidence: 73%

Study of the Stratum corneum Barrier Function by Transepidermal Water Loss Measurements: Comparison between Two Commercial Instruments: Evaporimeter® and Tewameter®

Barel

Clarys²

1995

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Discussion The value of 85 mg cm ' 2h 1 obtained for the evaporation rate at a free water surface, using an air flow of about 3 cm/sec, is in good accordance with measurements of others [1,[9][10][11]. From this value the 'immobile' gas layer above the water surface layer, through which the water vapor has to diffuse in the conditions of the experim ents, is calculated to be 2.3 mm thick (see introduction).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Anyhow, as soon as the stratum corneum has been removed, -and possibly a part of the stratum granulosum, as an ideal separation is very difficult, if not impossible to obtain [7] -the whole function of the skin as a water vapor barrier is lost. This conclusion has been based on the experim ental observations, th a t: (a) The water vapor loss of forearm skin increases a hundredfold after the removal of the entire stratum corneum by 'stripping'; (b) the water vapor loss is identical whether either the stratum corneum alone or the entire epidermis has been removed, and (c) the water vapor loss of stripped skin is approxim ately equal to the water vapor loss from a free water surface [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Water-Barrier of Stripped and Normal Skin

Spruit¹

1970

Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water transport through the stratum corneum has been treated using the theoretical considerations established by previous workers for transport through monomolecular layers. The values obtained for the resistance of normal human forearm skin to water transport were in the range 150–600 sec/cm. The resistance of the same ‘stripped’ skin was in the range 0.4–1.25 sec/cm; the latter are typical values for aqueous protein solutions.

show abstract

“…For this reason the maximum reading would be 25 mg watcr/cm2 h, which is lower than the 33 mg water/cm2 h measured by Blank [3] from a surface of evaporating water. Therefore an additional electric shunt was joined to the instrument to allow for the measuring of 3000 ppm water, i.e.…”

Section: Methods Of Measuring the Water Vapour Lossmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…This barrier may have been removed by cellotape stripping, or its function may have been im paired by the application of alkaline solutions. The first phase of regenerationthat is in the first three days after stripping -can be adequately determ ined by classic methods [2,3]. Three days after the injury, however, the water vapour loss of the skin has been restored to such an extent that the difference between the water vapour loss of the damaged and the normal skin has become very small.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%