Localized air-conditioning with upper-room UVGI to reduce airborne bacteria cross-infection

Kanaan, Mohamad; Ghaddar, Nesreen; Ghali, Kamel

doi:10.1007/s12273-015-0250-7

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The study has some other limitations such as the universality of the method. As the proposed method is very simple, it may not be sufficiently accurate when applied to certain complex air distribution systems, such as personalized ventilation (Nielsen et al 2007;Zhao and Guan 2007), protected zone ventilation (Cao et al 2015), or a space with air cleaners or ultraviolet germicidal irradiation devices (Kanaan et al 2016). The localized air distribution may significantly influence the trajectory of exhaled air, which cannot be predicted by the simple jet equations used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A simple method for differentiating direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms

et al. 2018

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Many airborne infectious diseases can be transmitted via exhaled contaminants transported in the air. Direct exposure occurs when the exhaled jet from the infected person directly enters the breathing zone of the target person. Indirect exposure occurs when the contaminants disperse in the room and are inhaled by the target person. This paper presents a simple method for differentiating the direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms. Experimental data for 191 cases were collected from the literature. After analyzing the data, a simple method was developed to differentiate direct and indirect exposure in mixing and displacement ventilated rooms. The proposed method correctly differentiated direct and indirect exposure for 120 out of the 133 mixing ventilation cases and 47 out of the 58 displacement ventilation cases. Therefore, the proposed method is suitable for use at the early design stage to quickly assess whether there will be direct exposure to exhaled contaminants in a mechanically ventilated room.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A simple method for differentiating direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms

et al. 2018

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“…The strategies to control the nosocomial infection of respiratory infectious diseases in hospital can be divided into two categories, management of the environment and protection of individuals. Using air disinfection equipment [40] and increasing small recirculation zones between the air outlets and inlets to reduce the amount of indoor suspended particles by enhancing the deposition [41] , arrangement seats and facilities reasonably are effective measures to improve the environment indoor. Additionally, hand hygiene and wearing respirators are recommended as the personal protection especially during the epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of particle transmission in an emergency waiting hall and management proposals

Zhang

Jia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Particle transmission is relevant to nosocomial infection of respiratory infectious disease. It is essential to understand the particle concentration and movement and effect of respiratory protection in hospital to improve management proposals. Methods: The particle number concentration, air condition wind velocity and temperature were collected from 6 locations in an emergency waiting hall. The particle concentration in waiting area and consulting room and coughing exhaled particle transmission were calculated by Lattice Boltzmann Method, Convection-Diffusion Equation and Discrete Phase Model, respectively. Fit tests of 4 respirators among 577 health care workers in the hospital were carried out. Results: The wind velocity of air conditioner outlet was correlated negatively with particle concentration of diameter no more than 1μm(r=-0.671,P=0.000), either more than 1μm(r=-0.261,P=0.000). The particle concentration in the waiting area was higher than that in the consulting room both by field measurement and simulation. Particles exhaled by someone coughing can spread to several people around him or her within 1s. 60% of exhaled particles suspend for a few minutes or longer. The passing rates were 50%, 93.3%, 80.3% and 5.9% for 3M 9132, Siwo D918(hook), Siwo D918(headband) and Wenjian medical N95 respirator, respectively. The difference was significant in the same population(χ2=163.433, p=0.000). Conclusion: Protective strategies should be strengthened in the waiting area during respiratory infectious disease epidemic. Fit test is essential to health care workers to select respirators.

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“…Kanaan et al [33] used a 3D CFD model to analyse airflow, thermal patterns, CO 2 levels, and bacterial dispersion in a test chamber equipped with upper-room UVGI. The results showed that UVGI is crucial for energy efficiency and indoor air quality, especially in the case of higher recovery rates.…”

Section: Included Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on the Application of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation to HVAC Systems

Cattai,

D’Orazio,

Sbardella

2023

Energies

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With the renewed focus on indoor air quality (IAQ) due to “Sick building syndrome” and the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the availability of innovative components and innovative guidance for maintenance and systemic safety design will play an important role, with HVAC systems as protagonists. UV-C irradiation has been investigated for a long time, and some system solutions are known. The aim of this work is to provide an overview of the latest outcomes related to the innovative components of HVAC systems using UV-C irradiation and investigate the current state of the art. A procedure based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was adopted, and the Scopus database was used to query the relevant literature. A total of 66 publications qualified for inclusion in the survey: 29 articles report experimental investigations, 24 articles are related to numerical or theoretical analysis, and both approaches were used in 13 articles. Many papers deal with upper-room UVGI, AHUs, and ducts. A few papers analyse mobile devices. The evaluation of the dose, as in the case of the definition of irradiance, is reported in a small number of articles. This lack of information makes the scenario imprecise and non-quantitative.

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Localized air-conditioning with upper-room UVGI to reduce airborne bacteria cross-infection

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

A simple method for differentiating direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms

A simple method for differentiating direct and indirect exposure to exhaled contaminants in mechanically ventilated rooms

Simulation of particle transmission in an emergency waiting hall and management proposals

A Systematic Review on the Application of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation to HVAC Systems

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