Local Wisdom of Tanjung Tanah Manuscript to Increase Historical Comprehension Ability

Abstract

Learning history in schools has always been based on the process of knowledge transfer, including memorizing textbooks. That kind of method has reduced essence historical thinking, especially in the ability to historical comprehension. For the process to successfully reconstruct knowledge, one way that can be done is to use the history book of local wisdom in ancient manuscripts. The Tanjung Tanah manuscript is one of the ancient documents which contains the value of local wisdom, such as the value of responsibility, respect, and honesty. Through history learning based on local wisdom of the Tanjung Tanah manuscript, it is expected that students will be able to comprehend historical comprehension more quickly. This study uses quantitative methods with a quasi-experimental design. The population is students at grade ten of senior high school in Kerinci Regency, while the sample is students at degree ten of SMA Negeri 2 Kerinci. The results of the study show that learning the history of local wisdom of Tanjung Tanah manuscripts improves the students’ historical comprehension ability.Pembelajaran sejarah di sekolah selama ini masih bertumpu pada proses transfer of knowledge berupa menghafal isi buku teks. Cara tersebut telah mereduksi esensi keterampilan berpikir sejarah, terutama pada kemampuan pemahaman sejarah. Agar terjadi proses reconstruct of knowledge maka salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah menghadirkan pembelajaran sejarah berbasis kearifan lokal dalam naskah-naskah kuno. Naskah Tanjung Tanah merupakan salah satu naskah kuno yang sarat nilai kearifan lokal, seperti nilai tanggung jawab, sikap hormat, dan kejujuran. Melalui pembelajaran sejarah berbasis kearifan lokal Naskah Tanjung Tanah diharapkan akan terjadi peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman sejarah pada siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif kuasi eksperimen, populasi adalah siswa SMA kelas X di Kabupaten Kerinci, sampel siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Kerinci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembelajaran sejarah berbasis kearifan lokal Naskah Tanjung Tanah efektif meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman sejarah siswa.

Representation of Local Wisdom in the Ancient Indonesian Manuscript as Literature Learning Materials in School

“…Each part is named after the main character or the central setting of the place. Some other manuscripts are produced in fibers, as contained in Harpawati (2009), such as (1) The "Menak Sarehas", recounting the origin of the Betal Jemur Adam Makna to the birth of Wong Agung; (2) The "Menak Lare", the story of Wong Agung in conquering kings and knights of other countries; (3) The "Menak Serandil", the tale of Wong Agung in becoming Prabu Nusirwan's ambassador to conquer the Serandil State; (4) The "Menak Sulub", the story of Wong Agung conquering the Kings of Greece, Ngerum region, and Egypt, in which Wong Agung was sick and imprisoned on the Sulub Island; (5) The "Menak Ngajrak", the tale about the marriage of Wong Agung with Dewi Ismayati, daughter of King Jim, in Ngajrak region; (6) The "Menak Demis", the story of King Nusirwan, who fled to Demis, and the attacks of Wong Agung on Demis; (7) The "Menak Kaos", in which Wong Agung occupied the State of Kaos, and Dewi Muninggar gave birth to a baby boy named Kobat Sarehas; (8) The "Menak Kuristam", in which Wong Agung attacked the Kuristam State and built an empire in the Kuparman region; (9) The "Menak Biraji", the story of Wong Agung's enmity with the king in Biraji; (10) The "Menak Kanin", the tale of Wong Agung being kidnapped by King Bahman and then his ear was injured by a sword and treated by Kalisahak in Sahsiyar village; (11) The "Menak Gandrung", in which Dewi Muninggar died in the battlefield and made Wong Agung heartbroken; (12) The "Menak Kanjum", the story about Wong Agung's enmity with King Kanjun and being married to the princess of Parangakik; (13) The "Menak Kandhabumi", the tale about Wong Agung's marriage to Dewi Marpinjun, Dewi Muninggar's sister; (14) The "Menak Kuwari", in which Wong Agung attacked the Kuwari country; (15) The "Menak Cina", in which the proposal of a Chinese princess to Wong Agung was rejected, and she finally died in battle; (16) The "Menak Malebari", the story of the marriage between Wong Agung's son and King Bawadimandari's daughter in the Kusniya Malebari region; (17) The "Menak Purwakandha", the tale of Wong Agung's attack on the Purwakandha state; (18) The "Menak Kustup", in which the Kustup State collapsed due to the attacks by kings who helped Wong Agung; (19) The "Menak Kalakodrat", in which Patih Bestak and Prabu Nursiwan were murdered; (20) The "Menak Sorangan", the story of Wong Agung's attack on the Sorangan State; (21) The "Menak Jomintaran", the tale of the marriage of Prince Kelan to the queen of Jamintoran, Dewi Jalu Sulasikun; …”

Potential of Historic Sites for Independence Struggle as Indonesia's Main Tourism Assets in Padang City

“…History learning that is practiced by teachers so far is still based on the knowledge transition process, so that what happens is only the process of memorizing or remembering historical events (Lionar et al 2018). Meanwhile, the process of transforming knowledge that is important in history learning, namely building historical awareness has not yet become a serious effort by history teachers.…”

“…One of the steps or methods that can be used by teachers to make the history learning process challenging and fun is to present contextual learning (Komalasari 2011). In history learning, contextual learning is implemented through the introduction of historical sources that are close to the students' environment, this contextualization process is carried out to bring students closer to the history contained in their environment, this process also builds meaning in learning history because the material studied is something that has been built up in their collective memory as part of society (Lionar et al 2020). Because of this urgency, historical sites around the students' environment become important sources of contextual learning.…”

Pengembangan Media Galeri Dokumentasi Peristiwa Sejarah Lokal Kota Padang

“…Sejarah lokal baru muncul setelah adanya kesadaran nasional. Adanya sejarah nasional tidak terlepas dari pengaruh sejarah lokal masyarakat berbagai daerah di Indonesia (Yefterson dkk, 2020;Lionar & Mulyana, 2020). Sejarah lokal dalam konteks proses pembelajaran sejarah sangat diperlukan untuk membangkitkan kesadaran sejarah nasional serta mendidik siswa untuk peduli dan memahami nilai-nilai peristiwa sejarah yang ada dilingkungan sekitarnya yang berkaitan dengan identitas nasional.…”