Loading dendritic cells with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) bearing HIV-peptides and mannosides enhance HIV-specific T cell responses

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) decorated with glycans ameliorate dendritic cells (DC) uptake, antigen-presentation and T-cells cross-talk, which are important aspects in vaccine design. GNPs allow for high antigen loading, DC targeting, lack of toxicity and are straightforward prepared and easy to handle. The present study aimed to assess the capacity of DC to process and present HIV-1-peptides loaded onto GNPs bearing high-mannoside-type oligosaccharides (P1@HM) to autologous T-cells from HIV-1 patients. The results showed that P1@HM increased HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell proliferation and induced highly functional cytokine secretion compared with HIV-peptides alone. P1@HM elicits a highly efficient secretion of pro-T1 cytokines and chemokines, a moderate production of pro-T2 and significant higher secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Thus, co-delivery of HIV-1 antigens and HM by GNPs is an excellent vaccine delivery system inducing HIV-specific cellular immune responses in HIV+ patients, being a promising approach to improve anti-HIV-1 vaccines.

Multicomponent gold nano-glycoconjugate as a highly immunogenic and protective platform against Burkholderia mallei

“…A recent study showed that upon antigen delivery and dendritic cell internalization, OVA-conjugated AuNPs showed enhanced OVA-specific polyfunctional T cells responses, including the induction of CD8 + cytotoxic T cells 15 . In addition, the mechanism of nanoparticle uptake to draining lymphatic organs is more efficient compared to soluble antigens-alone, an effect dependent on the NP's physicochemical characteristics, such as their size, shape, or charge 14,15,21,22 . Based on these premises, we covalently linked each recombinant predicted antigen to the surface of AuNPs by a covalent modification via a small hydrophobic linker (16-MHDA).…”

Advancements in prophylactic and therapeutic nanovaccines

“…Similarly, HIV-1 peptide and oligosaccharide loaded AuNPs enhanced antigen presentation to isolated T cells from HIV-1 patients. Treatment with AuNP formulated vaccine increased proliferation of HIV-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells with increased secretion of pro-Th1 cytokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro [161] .…”

Gold nanoparticles for preparation of antibodies and vaccines against infectious diseases

“…The resulting antibodies had a high titer and neutralizing activity against HIV-1. The HIV-1 Gag p17 peptide conjugated to 2-nm gold glyconanoparticles increased the proliferation of HIVspecific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells and induced the secretion of the highly functional TNF-α and IL-1β cytokines, as compared to the unconjugated peptide [105]. Also, GNPs conjugated with the gp120 and gp41 viral proteins were used as a platform for the delivery of immunogens in the preparation of an HIV-1 vaccine [106].…”