Live RB51 vaccine lyophilized hydrogel formulations with increased shelf life for practical ballistic delivery

The Promise and Potential of Metal–Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks in Vaccine Nanotechnology

“…This demonstrated the remarkable protection of MOFs while exploiting the benefits of kinetic lability to remove the coating and showing that the liposomes were still intact after delivery. 36 While other materials like PEG-cross-linked hydrogels have also been demonstrated as possible solid carriers for vaccine biomaterials, 167,168 MOFs help combine kinetic lability with biolistic delivery in a unique way that allows the carrier gas to be used as a reagent to control drug release rates. Wijesundara et al demonstrated that tuning biomolecule release half-life with MOFs is possible�burst or slow-release kinetics were achieved in vivo using different gases to deliver the MOFs into the skin (Figure 7A).…”

Hydrogels as promising platforms for engineered living bacteria-mediated therapeutic systems

“…Hydrogels have also been employed to develop effective platforms for living bacterial vaccines [ 42 , 113 , 114 ]. For instance, Grainger and coworkers developed a photopolymerized PEG-crosslinked hydrogel-based live bacterial vaccine ( Brucella abortus strain RB51) ballistic delivery [ 42 ].…”

“…The results indicated that this hydrogel biobullet produced increased immunologic responses when compared to the control bison groups that were vaccinated with saline, parenteral SRB51 alone, or ballistically with compressed SRB51. Further investigation showed that the living RB51 bacterial vaccine remained highly viable in model animals after hydrogel polymerization, lyophilization, and storage [ 114 ]. Additionally, hydrogel-based living bacterial vaccines have gained increasing attention for the treatment of cancers.…”

Long-Term Vaccine Delivery and Immunological Responses Using Biodegradable Polymer-Based Carriers

“…This vaccine is performed as a bacteria vaccine that encapsulates Brucella abortus strain RB51 (RB51) alive. This bio bullet hydrogel vaccine has shown a robust immune response in bison . A pH-sensitive hydrogel, which is prepared by phosphorylated chitosan’s derivatives, encapsulates the antigens.…”

“…This bio bullet hydrogel vaccine has shown a robust immune response in bison. 59 A pH-sensitive hydrogel, which is prepared by phosphorylated chitosan's derivatives, encapsulates the antigens. This intramuscular vaccine delivery platform has shown an immune response via increasing the rate of IgG, IFN-γ, and IL-4 cytokines released via splenocytes.…”