Liquid phase microextraction and ultratrace determination of cadmium by modified graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Nazari, Saeid

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.09.099

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Table 7 compares the characteristic data of the proposed method with other preconcentration methods for the determination of Cd (II) in diverse samples that are reported in the literature. As can be seen, the recommended method possesses lower detection limit and higher enrichment factor, except in the study of Nazari (2009), and the relative standard deviation and linear range are compatible with previous studies.…”

Section: Analysis Of Water Samplessupporting

confidence: 83%

Determination of ultra-trace amounts of cadmium by ET-AAS after column preconcentration with a new sorbent of modified MWCNTs

Madadizadeh

Taher

Ashkenani

2012

Environ Monit Assess

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The present research reports on the application of modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a new, easily prepared, and stable solid sorbent for the column preconcentration of ultra-trace amounts of cadmium in aqueous solution. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were oxidized with concentrated HNO3 and modified with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol and then were used as a solid phase for the column preconcentration of Cd(II). Elution was carried out with 0.5 mol L(-1) HNO3. The amount of eluted Cd(II) was measured using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Various parameters such as pH, sample and eluent flow rate, eluent concentration, breakthrough volume, and interference of a great number of anions and cations on the retention of analyte on sorbent were studied. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.67 ng L(-1) to 5.0 μg L(-1) and the detection limit (3Sb, n = 7) was 0.14 ng L(-1) in initial solution. A preconcentration factor of 300 and relative standard deviations of ± 3.6 % for seven successive determinations of 3 ng of Cd(II) were achieved. The column preconcentration was successfully applied to the analysis of river water, waste water, and Persian Gulf water sample.

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Section: Analysis Of Water Samplessupporting

confidence: 83%

Determination of ultra-trace amounts of cadmium by ET-AAS after column preconcentration with a new sorbent of modified MWCNTs

Madadizadeh

Taher

Ashkenani

2012

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The monitoring of cadmium in the environment is a serious concern [4,5]. Several analytical approaches have been applied for the detection of trace amounts of cadmium, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) [6], X-ray fluorescence (XRF) [7], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [8], liquid phase chromatography [9] and electroanalytical techniques [10][11][12]. Compared to the above four methods, electrochemical methods afford high sensitivity and sufficient accuracy without the need for expensive and specialized equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of cadmium(II) using glassy carbon electrodes modified with cupferron, ß-naphthol, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes

et al. 2012

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We report on a simple and reliable method for the determination of trace cadmium ion using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with cupferron, ß-naphthol and MWCNTs. The operational mechanism consists of several steps: first, the ligand cupferron on the modified electrode reacts with Cd 2+ ion to form a chelate compound. Next, this chelate is adsorbed by the carrier ß-naphthol following the principle of organic co-precipitation. Finally, the coprecipitated complex is detected by the GCE. This scheme is interesting because it combines preconcentration and electrochemical detection. Two linear responses are obtained, one in the concentration range of 5.0×10 −11 to 1.6×10 −8 M, the other in the range of 1.6×10 −8 to 1.42×10 −6 M, with a lower detection limit of 1.6×10 −11 M. This modified GCE does not suffer from significant interferences by Cu(II), Hg(II), Ag(I), Fe(III), Pb (II), Cr(III), Zn(II), NO 3− , Cl − , SO 4 2− ions and EDTA. The response of the electrode remained constant for at least 3 weeks of successive operation. The method presented here provides a new way for the simultaneous separation, enrichment, and electrochemical detection of trace cadmium ion.

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“…[13] It has been designated a human carcinogen by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer and the United States National Toxicology Program. [14,15] Commonly used methods for the determination of trace cadmium include atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), [16][17][18] inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), [19][20][21] and spectrophotometry. [22][23][24] Spectrophotometry is widely used for detection because of the low cost of the instruments and simplicity of the procedures, but its sensitivity and selectivity are low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Line Mini-Column Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled With Sequential Injection for the Determination of Cadmium in Environmental Samples

Zhu

Wang

Gao

et al. 2014

Instrumentation Science & Technology

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Trace cadmium(II) in environmental samples was separated and enriched in an automated fashion using a diphenylcarbazone-functionalized silica gel mini-column coupling with sequential injection. Cadmium was determined using a multicomponent system involving the analyte, potassium iodide, ethyl violet, and polyvinyl alcohol. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range for cadmium(II) was 0.015-0.50 µg mL −1 , and the detection limit was 0.012 µg mL −1 . The relative standard deviation of 11 determinations for 0.1 and 0.2 µg mL −1 standard solutions was smaller than 3.5%. This method was applied for the determination of cadmium(II) in water, plant, soil, and electroplating wastewater. No statistically significant differences in the results were observed between the reported method and those obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry. The analysis was performed within 13 min and a total reagent volume of only 0.14 mL (0.07 mL of eluent and 0.07 mL of reagents) was consumed in each determination of cadmium(II).

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Liquid phase microextraction and ultratrace determination of cadmium by modified graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Determination of ultra-trace amounts of cadmium by ET-AAS after column preconcentration with a new sorbent of modified MWCNTs

Determination of ultra-trace amounts of cadmium by ET-AAS after column preconcentration with a new sorbent of modified MWCNTs

Determination of cadmium(II) using glassy carbon electrodes modified with cupferron, ß-naphthol, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes

On-Line Mini-Column Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled With Sequential Injection for the Determination of Cadmium in Environmental Samples

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