Liquid Limit Values Obtained by Different Testing Methods

Kollaros, George

doi:10.12681/bgsg.11784

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Kalantary et.al;2012 Kalantary andKordnaeij (2012) asserted that subsurface investigation must be undertaken to obtain a sufficient number of undisturbed soil samples and then tested in the laboratory to obtain the necessary soil's geotechnical properties such as consistency, compressibility, and shear parameters (Kalantary and Kordnaeij, 2012;Laskar and Pal, 2012;Nesamatha and Arumairaj, 2015). In addition to the other soil's geotechnical properties, the amount of water in the fine-grained soils is a great factor for identifying the physical state of a soil (Kollaros, 2016). So, water content is one of the factors that the behavior of cohesive soil depends on, in different consistency stages such as solid, plastic, and liquid (Hrubesova et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of some Soil Geotechnical Properties Using Various Interpolation Methods (Case Study: Sulaimani Province, Iraq)

Najmaddin

Salih

Abdalla

2020

Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering

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Soil geotechnical parameters are important inputs for the prediction of ground suitability for construction projects. The aim of the study is the evaluation of spatial distribution of some soil geotechnical characteristics for Sulaimani governorate, northern Iraq which has a semi-arid climate. Sixty different soil specimens were taken from a distance of 2.0 meters from natural ground surface, around the Sulaimani city which are suitable for resettlement purposes. Several required laboratory experiments were performed to obtain some engineering properties of the collected soils according to ASTM standards, namely field water content, field wet density, initial void ratio (IVR), and degree of saturation (DS). Three different interpolation methods namely Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), and Thin Plate Spline (TPS), which are deterministic interpolation methods in addition to and one geostatistical method, Ordinary Kriging (OK), were applied. Cross validation and accuracy assessment of model performance are also applied and analyzed. In general, the geostatistical method performance was compared with the deterministic methods. Ok method found to be more accurate and less biased method than the other two methods, which has lower RMSE (1.38%, 11.33%, 0.07 and 0.82 gm cm-3) and ME (-0.63%, 0.94%,-0.16 and 0.3 gm cm-3) for water content, DS, IVR and wet density respectively. According to the interpolation maps 65 to 70 % of study area is likely suitable for construction purposes compare to the other 30 to 35 %, which need some precautions for the suitability issue for construction projects. The results yielded in the reliability of the obtained soil geotechnical properties from geospatial maps, which may importantly engage to suitable engineering management application and modeling of land use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of some Soil Geotechnical Properties Using Various Interpolation Methods (Case Study: Sulaimani Province, Iraq)

Najmaddin

Salih

Abdalla

2020

Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering

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“…The relationship between the water contents are specialized as consistency limits and mainly divided into four basic phases such as solid, semisolid, plastic and liquid to classify the physical state of soils [3]. The properties that are obtained with the use of water content values characterize the most prominent physical properties of clays and specific classification systems use the plasticity degree values of clays to identify the dominant characteristics of evaluated soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of consistency limits of fine-grained soils via regression analysis: A special case for high and very high plastic clayey soils in Istanbul

Arama

Akin

Nuray

et al. 2020

International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal

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Consistency limits are essential and simple design parameters that are utilized as standard entries of all kinds of soil investigation programs conducted for geotechnical projects which are constructed in/on fine grained soils. These limits also represent mineralogical and physical properties of clayey soils directly and used to estimate their strength and rigidity properties indirectly. However, the consistency tests are assumed as the simple and basic tests of geotechnical engineering investigations, but the effects of operator, calibration of the device and environmental aspects at the tests damage the reliability and correctness of results. In this paper, it is aimed to overcome these challenges by evaluating the consistency characteristics of clayey soils considering only the values of liquid limit of specific clays with the use of simple regression analysis. A database is prepared by using 500 soil investigation reports that are involving the site characterization information, laboratory and field tests of Istanbul Province European side clayey soils, including Avcılar, Esenyurt, Küçükçekmece, Büyükçekmece, Çatalca, Zeytinburnu, Bahçelievler, Bakırköy districts. 1523 liquid limit tests are obtained from the mentioned database for high and very high plastic clays. The regression analyses have been applied to query the parameter effect ratio on the consistent characteristics and relationships have been tried to be developed to evaluate the values of plastic limit and plasticity index directly from only liquid limit test applications. The effects of fine material content, depth and natural water content is also investigated. Verifications of the suggested equations have been done for different cases and comparisons are made with the well-known sources of literature. Consequently, strong equations are acquired to determine the plasticity index value in terms of liquid limit, liquid limit-depth, liquid limit-fine content, natural water content-fine content respectively based on the actual experimental tests conducted in Istanbul.

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“…The amount of water in the fine-grained soils is a great factor for identifying the physical state of a soil and classifying it (Kollaros, 2016). Water content is one of the factors that the behavior of cohesive soil depends on, in which the cohesive soil could be in different physical conditions, in different consistency that characterized by water content at critical stages (solid, plastic, and liquid).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fall cone method has been described by BS 1377:2, while the classical method defined by ASTM D4318 (2017). The former technique is nowadays being more common because of different essential weaknesses of the Atterberg method as numerous scholars have argued (Kollaros, 2016). The European Standard ISO (2015) requires the cone penetrometer technique, signifying the Casagrande cup as an alternative method; however, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D 4318) recommends the Casagrande device (Casagrande, 1958).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The European Standard ISO (2015) requires the cone penetrometer technique, signifying the Casagrande cup as an alternative method; however, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D 4318) recommends the Casagrande device (Casagrande, 1958). The popularity of the fall-cone LL method in the international community of practice has noticeably increased in which many studies have looked at fall cone methods for determining LL (Özer, 2009;Grønbech et al, 2011;Di Matteo, ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 2019 2012; Spagnoli, 2012;Hrubesova et al, 2016;Kollaros, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining Casagrande Liquid Limit Values from Cone

2019

ZJPAS

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The liquid limit (LL) is one of the essential geotechnical parameter for fine-grained soils. Commonly, two approaches, named Casagrande apparatus and cone penetrometer methods are used to determine the liquid limit of soils. The liquid limits of 41 soil samples in Erbil province, Kurdistan region, Iraq, were found based on cone penetrometer (30°/80g cone, using 20 mm penetration) and Casagrande apparatus methods. The study compares the liquid limit values determined by both methods. The results indicated that the liquid limits obtained by the Casagrande cup method (LLcup) are lower than those from fall cone method (LLcone). Finally, an equation for determining LLcup was proposed based on LLcone values, and it compared to the previously suggested equations.

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Liquid Limit Values Obtained by Different Testing Methods

Abstract: Specifications in European countries include a variety of methods for determining the liquid limit based on

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of some Soil Geotechnical Properties Using Various Interpolation Methods (Case Study: Sulaimani Province, Iraq)

Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of some Soil Geotechnical Properties Using Various Interpolation Methods (Case Study: Sulaimani Province, Iraq)

Estimation of consistency limits of fine-grained soils via regression analysis: A special case for high and very high plastic clayey soils in Istanbul

Determining Casagrande Liquid Limit Values from Cone

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