Liquefaction processes and characterization of liquefied products from waste woody materials in different acidic catalysts

Wang, Q.; Chen, Q.; Apaer, P.; Kashiwagi, Norimasa; Kurokawa, Haruhisa; Sugiyama, K.; Wang, X.; Guo, X.

doi:10.2495/978-1-78466-034-5/012

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…To determine hollocellulose, all lignin should be removed, leaving the carbohydrates in place 29 . At 1.3 m trunk height, clone R1757 had the highest holocellulose content (Table 2).…”

Section: Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in chemical and mechanical properties of Pará rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees

Riyaphan¹,

Phumichai²,

Neimsuwan³

et al. 2015

ScienceAsia

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Pará rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) is grown primarily for latex. Some clones (timber clones) are frequently planted for wood production. Rubberwood, from old rubber trees, is an important economic byproduct. In general, the quality of the wood depends on multiple factors, including chemical and mechanical properties. This study investigates the effects of clone variety, height (1.3 and 6.0 m above ground level), and the variation between clone and height on chemical and mechanical properties of seven Pará rubber clones (RRIT 251, RRIM 600, RRI-CH-35-59, RRI-CH-35-650, RRI-CH-35-1397, RRI-CH-35-1757, and RRI-CH-35-2086). Thirteen-year old trees were sampled selecting one tree per clone. Results showed that height had a significant effect on the chemical components of the wood. Furthermore, the interaction between clone and height also had an effect on the chemical composition of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and extractives. In contrast, the mechanical properties of rubberwood depended a lot on the clone variety. The chemical and mechanical properties of rubberwood were significantly correlated among the seven clones studied. RRI-CH-35-1757, RRI-CH-35-2086, and RRIM 600 had the highest values for holocellulose as the main chemical components and mechanical strength.

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“…To determine hollocellulose, all lignin should be removed, leaving the carbohydrates in place 29 . At 1.3 m trunk height, clone R1757 had the highest holocellulose content (Table 2).…”

Section: Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in chemical and mechanical properties of Pará rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees

Riyaphan¹,

Phumichai²,

Neimsuwan³

et al. 2015

ScienceAsia

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“…It was clear that the liquefi ed products were composed of high molecular compounds, because the average molecular weights (polydispersity (Mw/Mn)) of the liquefi ed products were increased [27]. This indicated that the condensation reaction [28] might occur at the beginning of reaction due to the presence of the compounds.…”

Section: Molecular Weight Distribution Of Liquefi Ed Productmentioning

confidence: 92%

Process analysis of the waste bamboo by using polyethylene glycol solvent liquefaction

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Qiao³

et al. 2014

Int. J. SDP

Self Cite

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Solvent liquefaction process is one of the promising techniques for the effective utilization of waste woody biomass. In the liquefaction process, waste woody biomass such as waste bamboo could be converted to liquid reactive materials for developing biomass-based materials since waste bamboo has an advantage of providing the liquefi ed products with a small range of variances. The components of liquefi ed waste bamboo released during the liquefaction reaction with the polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) solvent is highly acidic in the presence of mineral acid catalysts. Therefore, this study was carried out for analyzing the behavior of the liquefi ed residues (LRs) from waste bamboo during the solvent liquefaction process. The LRs produced during the liquefaction process were measured and related to different liquefi ed conditions. The change in the morphological surface of the liquefi ed waste bamboo samples was observed by a scanning electron microscope. The chemical changes in the functional groups were analyzed by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The crystalline structure of liquefi ed waste bamboo samples was determined by X-ray diffraction. The chemical composition analysis and particle size distribution of liquefi ed waste bamboo samples were also carried out to confi rm the results. It was found that the effi ciency of liquefaction process can be improved by increasing the temperature and the amount of acid catalysts, although condensation reaction occurred under the liquefaction condition with high temperature. The liquefaction period of lignin was signifi cantly shorter than one of cellulose in the solvent liquefaction process with PEG 400. Moreover, it is indicated that the progress of liquefaction process may be prevented by smaller particle sizes of cellulose collected in liquefi ed bamboo.

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“…A conclusion could be inferred that the highest concentration of H + in the liquefaction system is sulfuric acid, followed by phosphoric acid, and oxalic acid is the lowest according to their dissociation constants [37]. Therefore, sulfuric acid has the best catalytic effect on the liquefaction of biomass materials, while oxalic acid has the worst [38]. Consequently, sulfuric acid was chosen as a catalyst to promote the liquefaction of cassava starch.…”

Section: Effect Of Liquefaction Parameters On Residue Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance between Cassava Starch Liquefied by Phenol and Modification of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Wood Adhesive

2022

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A novel type of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin was prepared by utilizing the liquefaction products liquefied by phenol under acidic conditions and then reacted with formaldehyde under alkaline conditions. The relationship between the liquefaction behavior of cassava starch and the properties of modified PF resin wood adhesive was studied. The effects of the liquid–solid ratio of phenol to cassava starch, sulfuric acid usage, and liquefaction time on the liquefaction residue rate and relative crystallinity of cassava starch were determined. The results showed that the bonding strength of modified PF resin decreased gradually with the decrease of the liquid–solid ratio. It was a great surprise that bonding strength still met the requirement of the national standard of 0.7 MPa when the liquid–solid ratio was 1.0. The detailed contents were analyzed through FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. In terms of the utilization of bio-materials for liquefaction to synthesize wood adhesive, cassava starch may be superior to the others.

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Liquefaction processes and characterization of liquefied products from waste woody materials in different acidic catalysts

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Variability in chemical and mechanical properties of Pará rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees

Variability in chemical and mechanical properties of Pará rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) trees

Process analysis of the waste bamboo by using polyethylene glycol solvent liquefaction

Relevance between Cassava Starch Liquefied by Phenol and Modification of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Wood Adhesive

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