Lipid-Based Nanoparticles as a Pivotal Delivery Approach in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Therapy

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer is considered the most aggressive type of breast cancer among women and the lack of expressed receptors has made treatment options substantially limited. Recently, various types of nanoparticles have emerged as a therapeutic option against TNBC, to elevate the therapeutic efficacy of the existing chemotherapeutics. Among the various nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) viz. liposomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid nanocarriers, and lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles are developed for cancer treatment which is well confirmed and documented. LNPs include various therapeutic advantages as compared to conventional therapy and other nanoparticles, including increased loading capacity, enhanced temporal and thermal stability, decreased therapeutic dose and associated toxicity, and limited drug resistance. In addition to these, LNPs overcome physiological barriers which provide increased accumulation of therapeutics at the target site. Extensive efforts by the scientific community could make some of the liposomal formulations the clinical reality; however, the relatively high cost, problems in scaling up the formulations, and delivery in a more targetable fashion are some of the major issues that need to be addressed. In the present review, we have compiled the state of the art about different types of LNPs with the latest advances reported for the treatment of TNBC in recent years, along with their clinical status and toxicity in detail.

Lipid Nanoparticles Functionalized with Antibodies for Anticancer Drug Therapy

“…As drug delivery systems, lipid nanoparticles usually consist of hydrophilic or hydrophobic drug(s), lipids generally recognized as safe (GRAS), and surfactant(s) to form and stabilize the dispersion. Low toxicity potential, ease of preparation with limited use of organic solvents, and feasibility of scale-up production give them an edge over polymer and inorganic nanoparticles [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Recent Advances in Targeted Nanocarriers for the Management of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

“…These materials are utilised for the development of nanoplatforms such as liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNs), and self-micro/nano emulsified drug delivery systems (SMEDDS/SNEDDS), etc. [ 119 ].…”

“…Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured liquid carrier (NLC) are colloidal nanoparticles consisting of an mixture of both liquid lipids and solid lipids which are stabilized by aqueous solution of surfactants or a mixture of surfactants. The lipids utilised for the fabrication of these nanocarriers are many, including triglycerides, fatty acids, steroids, and waxes [ 119 ].…”

“…These lipidic nanocarrier showed good pharmacokinetic profile, better therapeutic effectiveness and improved site specific targeting. Therefore, these lipid should fall under GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) regulations during the the formrulation development [ 119 ].…”

Novel Development of Nanoparticles—A Promising Direction for Precise Tumor Management

“…Lipid-based nanobiomaterials, the most widely studied anticancer drug-delivery systems, are vesicular structures consisting of a single lipid bilayer that encases the anticancer drug in its hydrophilic core [ 71 ]. Lipid-based nanobiomaterials mainly include liposomes, nanoemulsions, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), which offer many advantages, such as easy fabrication, the ability to self-assemble in aqueous media, enhanced bioavailability, biocompatibility, biodegradability of major components, low toxicity, and the ability to carry hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds [ 72 ]. In addition, the main problems that this type of drug-delivery system faces are how to increase their stability, how to increase the residence time in circulation, and how to improve the efficiency of delivery of the drug or nucleic acid molecules to the target cells [ 73 ].…”