Aneurysm of left atrial appendage is rare and often an incidental diagnosis during echocardiography. It is important to recognize this entity since it is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality by predisposing to atrial tachyarrhythmia and thromboembolism. Surgical resection is the standard of treatment in the current literature. Medical management is directed toward the treatment of thromboembolism and atrial tachyarrhythmia.

Right atrial appendage aneurysm although rare may be associated with significant morbidity. Surgical resection is indicated in symptomatic patients.

PDS is a rare complication of pericardial drainage with a high mortality rate. Surgical pericardiostomy was associated with mortality in PDS.

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In Indian IBD and ITB patients, EIMs appear to be related to disease severity in UC and disease location in CD and are significantly more common in CD than in ITB. Overall prevalence of EIMs in these patients is similar to that of the West.

In symptomatic TI patients with superficial ulcers and a non-specific histology, the absence of fever, diarrhea, GI bleeding or weight loss rules out the possibility of significant diagnoses like ITB/CD.