Lipase-mediated synthesis of sugar–PEG-based amphiphiles for encapsulation and stabilization of indocyanine green

Abstract

Bio-catalytically synthesized sugar–PEG-based copolymers form stable micelles in an aqueous medium. These micelles from amphiphilic copolymer are able to efficiently solubilize and stabilize indocyanine green dye (ICG) under physiological conditions.

Novozym 435: the “perfect” lipase immobilized biocatalyst?

“…Sugar-polyethylene glycol amphiphilic copolymers were synthesized using N435 as a catalyst for the transesterification, introducing decanoic and myristic acids. 370 D-Fructose (99%) and D-glucose (34%) were modified with 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate in tert-butanol using N435, and methacryloyl-D-fructose was polymerized using as the crosslinker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. 371 Glycerolysis of certain oils are also important to get monomers useful in polymer production.…”

Photodynamic therapy: photosensitizers and nanostructures

“…In these cases, the result is the photosensitizer encapsulated and stabilised in aqueous media inside the micelle. 142,143 In other studies, the photosensitizer can be encapsulated in the micelles during the same micelle formation process. 144 Liposomes reflected in the high number of studies and formulations that can be found in the literature.…”

Potential of Photodynamic Therapy Based on Sugar-Conjugated Photosensitizers

“…However, the application of ICG for clinical imaging and therapeutic applications has several limitations, such as a short plasma half-life and poor aqueous stability. Various trials including nanoformulations of ICG [ 84 , 85 ] or sugar conjugation of ICG [ 86 , 87 , 88 ] have been developed to overcome these limitations.…”