Potential of Photodynamic Therapy Based on Sugar-Conjugated Photosensitizers

Kataoka, Hiromi; Nishie, Hirotada; Tanaka, Mamoru; Sasaki, Makiko; Nomoto, Akihiro; Osaki, Tomohiro; Okamoto, Yoshiharu; Yano, Shigenobu

doi:10.3390/jcm10040841

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…After internalization in cells, a single irradiation of micelles with a NIR laser led to their death. Nanoprobes, including sodium talaporphin and Ce6 conjugated with glucose, have been synthesized [ 79 ]. Since cancer cells uptake a significant amount of glucose (Warburg effect), they can be detected by positron emission tomography (PET), which indicates the prospects for their using in theranostics.…”

Section: Porphyrin Photosensitizers For Cancer Photodynamic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since cancer cells uptake a significant amount of glucose (Warburg effect), they can be detected by positron emission tomography (PET), which indicates the prospects for their using in theranostics. Similar nanoprobes are used as radio- and fluorescent-labeled antibodies targeting cancer cells in surgery for imaging and resection of tumor lesions [ 79 , 80 ].…”

Section: Porphyrin Photosensitizers For Cancer Photodynamic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Novel Tetrapyrrole Structure Photosensitizers for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy

et al. 2022

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The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on the triad effects of photosensitizer (PS), molecular oxygen and visible light on malignant tumors. Such complex induces a multifactorial manner including reactive-oxygen-species-mediated damage and the killing of cells, vasculature damage of the tumor, and activation of the organism immunity. The effectiveness of PDT depends on the properties of photosensitizing drugs, their selectivity, enhanced photoproduction of reactive particles, absorption in the near infrared spectrum, and drug delivery strategies. Photosensitizers of the tetrapyrrole structure (porphyrins) are widely used in PDT because of their unique diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Nevertheless, the clinical use of the first-generation PS (sodium porfimer and hematoporphyrins) revealed difficulties, such as long-term skin photosensitivity, insufficient penetration into deep-seated tumors and incorrect localization to it. The second generation is based on different approaches of the synthesis and conjugation of porphyrin PS with biomolecules, which made it possible to approach the targeted PDT of tumors. Despite the fact that the development of the second-generation PS started about 30 years ago, these technologies are still in demand and are in intensive development, especially in the direction of improving the process of optimization split linkers responsive to input. Bioconjugation and encapsulation by targeting molecules are among the main strategies for developing of the PS synthesis. A targeted drug delivery system with the effect of increased permeability and retention by tumor cells is one of the ultimate goals of the synthesis of second-generation PS. This review presents porphyrin PS of various generations, discusses factors affecting cellular biodistribution and uptake, and indicates their role as diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) agents. New complexes based on porphyrin PS for photoimmunotherapy are presented, where specific antibodies are used that are chemically bound to PS, absorbing light from the near infrared part of the spectrum. Additionally, a two-photon photodynamic approach using third-generation photosensitizers for the treatment of tumors is discussed, which indicates the prospects for the further development of a promising method antitumor PDT.

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Section: Porphyrin Photosensitizers For Cancer Photodynamic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Porphyrin Photosensitizers For Cancer Photodynamic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Novel Tetrapyrrole Structure Photosensitizers for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy

et al. 2022

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“…Next, PDT is known to cause acute inflammation, leading to immune stimulation and increasing the presentation of tumor-derived antigens to T-cells [28]. PDT using third-generation PS of glucose-conjugated chlorin demonstrated a stronger antitumor effect and induced immunogenic cell death compared with talaporfin sodium in a preclinical study [29]. Several immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown more favorable survival outcomes for esophageal cancer patients compared with conventional systemic chemotherapy in phase-III trials, and these have been introduced into the clinical practice for advanced esophageal cancer patients in recent years [30,31].…”

Section: Future Perspective and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Practice of Photodynamic Therapy Using Talaporfin Sodium for Esophageal Cancer

Yano

Minamide

Takagi

et al. 2021

JCM

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a conventional photosensitizer was approved for esophageal cancer in the early 1990s; however, it was replaced by other conventional treatment modalities in clinical practice because of the high frequency of cutaneous phototoxicity and esophageal stricture after the procedure. The second-generation photosensitizer, talaporfin sodium, which features more rapid clearance from the body, was developed to reduce skin phototoxicity, and talaporfin sodium can be excited at longer-wavelength lights comparing with a conventional photosensitizer. Endoscopic PDT using talaporfin sodium was initially developed for the curative treatment of central-type early lung cancer in Japan, and was approved in the early 2000s. After preclinical experiments, PDT using talaporfin sodium was investigated for patients with local failure after chemoradiotherapy, which was the most serious unmet need in the practice of esophageal cancer. According to the favorable results of a multi-institutional clinical trial, PDT using talaporfin sodium was approved as an endoscopic salvage treatment for patients with local failure after chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer. While PDT using talaporfin sodium is gradually spreading in clinical practice, further evaluation at the point of clinical benefit is necessary to determine the importance of PDT in the treatment of esophageal cancer.

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“…It has been shown that scavenger receptor MARCO antibodies can stop TAM-mediated immunosuppression and serves cancer immunotherapy [198]. According to the literature review, most of the novel TAM-based therapies usually rely on the natural characteristics of tumor or cancer cells, the immune system, and the tumor microenvironment [199]. However, the different TAM subpopulations, and the various recruitment and evolution process, which is raised from their regional differences, justifies the necessity of multi-targeted approaches for the implementation to fight against cancer [200].…”

Section: Modification In Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Combination of Therapies, the Approach to Improve Cancer Treatment

Moeini

Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej

2021

IJMS

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Macrophages are one of the most important cells of the innate immune system and are known for their ability to engulf and digest foreign substances, including cellular debris and tumor cells. They can convert into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) when mature macrophages are recruited into the tumor microenvironment. Their role in cancer progression, metastasis, and therapy failure is of special note. The aim of this review is to understand how the presence of TAMs are both advantageous and disadvantageous in the immune system.

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Potential of Photodynamic Therapy Based on Sugar-Conjugated Photosensitizers

Cited by 22 publications

References 102 publications

Development of Novel Tetrapyrrole Structure Photosensitizers for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy

Development of Novel Tetrapyrrole Structure Photosensitizers for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy

Clinical Practice of Photodynamic Therapy Using Talaporfin Sodium for Esophageal Cancer

Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Combination of Therapies, the Approach to Improve Cancer Treatment

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