Lip Print as a Method for Forensic Identification on Malaysian with Chinese Ethnicity

Abstract

BACKGROUND Forensic dentistry is a branch of forensic medicine that has now become a standalone science. Lip print is used to identify forensic and non-forensic cases. The aim of this research is to find the pattern of lip print based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification according to quadrant, to investigate the difference of dominant lip print pattern in general and also according to the different gender (male and female) among Malaysians with Chinese ethnicity at University of Northern Sumatra. METHODS The subjects were male and female Malaysian Chinese students at University of Northern Sumatra. The study sample consisted of 30 students, 15 each of males and females. Subject's lips were applied with lipstick and cellophane tape to lift lip print for observation. Data was analysed by using Chi-square test. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that Malaysian Chinese students generally have type II as a dominant lip print pattern. As shown by Chi-square test, there was a significant difference between male and female lip print patterns. Type II lip print patterns was the highest number found in males, whereas type IV was in females. In general, type II was most common. CONCLUSIONS The dominant lip print pattern of Malaysian Chinese is Type II. The difference of lip print pattern between males and females lies on type IV.

The weak evidence of lip print analysis for sexual dimorphism in forensic dentistry: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

“…One study 83 did not report which technique was used. In general, twenty-four studies (33%) 12 , 14 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 35 , 42 – 44 , 47 , 51 , 53 – 55 , 57 , 63 , 66 , 67 , 74 – 76 , 82 did not find evidence of difference of lip print patterns between males and females, while 67% 1 , 2 , 4 – 6 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 – 34 , 36 – 41 , 45 , 46 , 48 – 50 , 52 , 56 , 58 – 62 , 64 , 65 , 68 – 73 , 77 – 81 , 83 , 84 detected differences.…”

“…Six studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria (Appendix 1), and full texts were not found for twenty studies, even after trying to contact the authors or libraries. Finally, a total of 72 studies were selected for qualitative analysis 1 , 2 , 4 – 6 , 10 – 15 , 24 – 84 . Quantitative analysis of the accuracy of cheiloscopy for sexual dimorphism included seven studies 1 , 5 , 25 , 48 , 49 , 54 , 80 , and 17 studies 10 , 11 , 14 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 42 , 43 , 51 , 56 , 60 , 61 , 63 , 82 were considered in the analyses of the prevalence of lip print patterns (Fig.…”

“…The studies were published between 1982 and 2019, and were from India (n = 52) 1 , 4 – 6 , 10 – 15 , 25 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 35 – 40 , 43 – 46 , 48 – 50 , 53 – 57 , 59 – 62 , 64 , 66 – 75 , 78 , 79 , 81 , 83 , 84 , Egypt (n = 3) 2 , 42 , 58 , Brazil (n = 3) 26 , 34 , 76 , Portugal (n = 2) 32 , 51 , Pakistan (n = 2) 47 , 77 , Colombia (n = 2) 29 , 52 , Nepal (n = 2) 33 , 82 , France (n = 1) 24 , Iran (n = 1) 63 , Romania (n = 1) 41 , Croatia (n = 1) 65 , Saudi Arabia (n = 1) 28 and Poland (n = 1) 80 . The total sample of participants across studies was 22,965.…”

“…Sixty-four studies 1 , 2 , 4 – 6 , 10 – 15 , 25 – 27 , 30 – 41 , 43 – 59 , 61 – 63 , 65 – 79 , 81 , 82 , 84 used the technique of Suzuki and Tsuchihashi (1970), four studies 28 , 29 , 42 , 60 used Renaud’s (1973) technique, one study 24 used Fauvel’s (1985) technique, one study 64 used Nagasupriya’s (2011) technique, and one study 80 combined the techniques of Suzuki and Tsuchihashi (1970), Renaud (1973), and Vahanwala (2000). One study 83 did not report which technique was used.…”

Estudo anatômico do padrão labial entre mães e filhas do Nordeste brasileiro

“…Barros et al (2006) O dimorfismo sexual é também um fator modificador e responsável pela variabilidade nos padrões de impressão labial entre os estudos. As variações dos tipos de sulco labial entre os sexos masculino e feminino, por vezes proporcionam bases para a identificação humana (Vaishnavi, Sangeetha, & Premavathy, 2019;Yendriwati, Joe & Fitri, 2019). No entanto, no estudo queiloscópico de Prabhu, Dinkar, e Prabhu (2012), não foram observadas diferenças nos padrões labiais femininos e masculinos, visto que o tipo labial predominante em todos os quatro quadrantes avaliados, para ambos os sexos, foi o do tipo V. Da mesma forma, o padrão labial predominante no sexo masculino, foi o mesmo observado para o sexo feminino, no estudo de El Domiaty, Al-Gaidi, Elayat, Safwat, e Galal (2010).…”