Linking site formation processes to magnetic properties. Rock- and archeomagnetic analysis of the combustion levels at Riparo Gaban (Italy)

Kapper, Kathrin Lisa; Anesin, Daniela; Donadini, F.; Angelucci, Diego E.; Cavulli, Fabio; Pedrotti, Annaluisa; Hirt, Ann M.

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2013.10.015

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A sample may not entirely be affected by post-depositional disturbances. In order to objectively reduce spurious directions of single specimens we applied in a second step a hierarchical weighted average approach, which has already been used in Kapper et al (2014). In the undisturbed case magnetizations of specimens from one fireplace are supposed to point in the same direction, regardless to which sample they belong.…”

Section: Archaeomagnetic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13) and six data points from northern Italy (Kapper et al 2014). For time periods with little or no data (4500-1000 BC), the spline fit can not be interpreted.…”

Section: Smoothing Spline Fitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Locations of archaeomagnetic directional data, which were used for the archaeomagnetic spline fit (dots), from a circular area with a radius of 700 km around Arconciel (star). Data are from a time period between between 7000 BC and 1990 AD, and are taken from the Geomagia50v.2 database (Donadini et al 2006;Korhonen et al 2008) and from a site in northern Italy close to Trento (Kapper et al 2014). The dashed line denotes zero longitude.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Data Sets and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We take advantage of the stratification of burned sediments to construct an age model using the available 14 C dates. We combine this new data with high-quality data from the Geomagia50 v.2 database (Donadini et al 2006;Korhonen et al 2008) and recently published archaeomagnetic data from northern Italy (Kapper et al 2014), in order to establish a penalized least squares spline fit (Constable & Parker 1988;Panovska et al 2012). This new data compilation is compared to global and regional models, to other archaeomagnetic data from the Balkan region (Tema & Kondopoulou 2011), and to lake sediment records.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New directional archeomagnetic data of burned cave sediments from Switzerland and geomagnetic field variations in Central Europe

Kapper¹,

Donadini²,

Mauvilly

et al. 2014

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YThis paper presents new directional archaeomagnetic data from nine Meso-/Neolithic fireplaces, sampled in a cave shelter, at Arconciel, in western Switzerland. Rock magnetic measurements indicate a homogenous magnetic mineralogy in all fireplaces, with magnetite as the main magnetic carrier. The remanent magnetization is stable and generally shows one characteristic directional component. Nine new directions, which were obtained from Arconciel, are combined with 356 other archaeomagnetic data from a circular area with a radius of 700 km around this site, to obtain a penalized least square spline fit for the past 9000 yr. We found in general good agreement with other local compilations, such as the Balkan curve, the regional SCHA.DIF.8k model and with lake sediments from UK, Fennoscandia and Switzerland. Nevertheless, a time lag of several centuries is observed for a declination maximum between the archaeomagnetic spline fit and the other European data records around 5900 BC. This time lag is also observed in the Swiss lake sediment record; therefore we interpret this shift as a local feature of the Earth's magnetic field.

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Section: Archaeomagnetic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13) and six data points from northern Italy (Kapper et al 2014). For time periods with little or no data (4500-1000 BC), the spline fit can not be interpreted.…”

Section: Smoothing Spline Fitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Other Data Sets and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

New directional archeomagnetic data of burned cave sediments from Switzerland and geomagnetic field variations in Central Europe

Kapper¹,

Donadini²,

Mauvilly

et al. 2014

Geophysical Journal International

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“…These high magnetic susceptibility values indicate that the rampart was probably subject to fire. It is well known that clay minerals in the ground, when heated above 250°C (easily reached by a combustion of organic material), may transform into ferrimagnetic minerals (Kapper et al 2014), mainly magnetite and maghemite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Resistivity Tomography and Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements at the Baden Culture Site Stavenice-Úsov (Czech Republic)

Moník¹,

Sedláček²

2014

IANSA

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A Mineral Magnetic Approach to Determine Paleo‐Firing Temperatures in the Neolithic Settlement Site of Mursalevo‐Deveboaz (SW Bulgaria)

Jordanova

Kostadinova‐Avramova

et al. 2018

JGR Solid Earth

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Archeological remains from the Neolithic period in SE Europe are characterized by the presence of massive burnt daub relics sintered at high temperatures. These findings raised the hypothesis of deliberate house burning as a strategy for ensuring the survival of place and the development of social memory in Neolithic society. Although highly discussed in the archeological community, analytical data on the ancient firing temperatures achieved during burning Neolithic houses are missing except an empirical study determining firing temperatures according to the color of burned clay. The Neolithic site Mursalevo‐Deveboaz (Bulgaria) is one of the largest known settlements consisting of more than 70 houses. Rock‐magnetic analyses are applied for characterization of iron oxides produced during firing, and the firing temperatures were estimated using the magnetic susceptibility method. Results on a collection of 445 samples show the presence of very fine grained magnetite/maghemite and hematite. Magnetic data are supported by elemental analysis, reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The data suggest an increase in the magnetic grain size from superparamagnetic toward single domain with increasing firing temperature. Firing temperature estimates for 148 samples of different color vary between 680 and 1,140°C. Comparing the magnetic properties of iron oxides identified and literature data on solution‐combustion synthesis of iron oxides allowed a mechanism behind the extreme firing of Neolithic houses to be suggested. Our study proposes for the first time that combustion synthesis of iron oxides could explain the extreme house burning in many Neolithic settlements achieved through intentional addition of wood, dung and urine.

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Linking site formation processes to magnetic properties. Rock- and archeomagnetic analysis of the combustion levels at Riparo Gaban (Italy)

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

New directional archeomagnetic data of burned cave sediments from Switzerland and geomagnetic field variations in Central Europe

New directional archeomagnetic data of burned cave sediments from Switzerland and geomagnetic field variations in Central Europe

Electric Resistivity Tomography and Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements at the Baden Culture Site Stavenice-Úsov (Czech Republic)

A Mineral Magnetic Approach to Determine Paleo‐Firing Temperatures in the Neolithic Settlement Site of Mursalevo‐Deveboaz (SW Bulgaria)

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