“…Many existing studies have focused on bio-processing technologies to improve the biofuel yield and quality (Antonpoulou, Gavala, Skiadas, Angelopoulos & Lyberatos, 2008;Lee, Chou, Ham, Lee & Keasling, 2008;Ranganathan, Narasimhanm & Muthukumar, 2008;van Dyken, Bakken & Skjelbred, 2010;Weyens, Lelie, Taghavi, Newman & Vangronsveld, 2009). Although the cost of transporting bulky and unrefined biomass feedstock is also significant as compared to the total cost for producing biofuel, much less attention has been given to the understanding of biomass and bio-energy logistics systems and the reduction of biomass and bio-energy logistics costs.…”