Light management in plastic–paper hybrid substrate towards high-performance optoelectronics

Yao, Yonggang; Tao, Jinsong; Zou, Jianhua; Zhang, Bilun; Li, Tian; Dai, Jiaqi; Zhu, Mingwei; Wang, Sha; Fu, Kun; Henderson, Doug; Hitz, Emily; Peng, Junbiao; Hu, Liangbing

doi:10.1039/c6ee01011c

Cited by 113 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Starting with a translucent sheet made from mechanically ground cellulose nanofibers, transparent nanocomposites have been made by different approaches including heat lamination between polycarbonate films, deposition of acrylic resin, and ink‐jet printing with phenol–formaldehyde resin . Most recently, a potentially scalable process in making transparent nanocomposite has been achieved by impregnating epoxy resin on regular roll paper, showing both high optical transmittance (>85%) and high transmission haze (>90%) …”

Section: Hierarchical Mesostructures From Wood‐based Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood‐Based Nanotechnologies toward Sustainability

et al. 2017

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to alleviate our reliance on petroleum-based materials. Beyond abundance and biodegradability, wood is also a carbon-neutral material that does not contribute net CO 2 increase due to the cyclic carbon fixation during photosynthesis and release during degradation. Given these advantages, wood has been considered as a potential replacement for petroleum-based materials to support continued sustainable growth.Throughout history, wood has been the primary material for tools, buil dings, and fuels that support human activity. However, the functions of wood have been limited by its intrinsic properties including bulkiness, low mechanical properties, nontransparency, and nonconductivity. Therefore, it has been gradually replaced by other materials, such as synthetic polymers, glass, and metals. With the advancement of nanotechnology, nanomaterials derived from wood have been successfully synthesized and are well suited to expand its application to more emerging areas such as the environment, energy, and biomedicine. Therefore, given the rapid expansion of bio-based nanotechnologies and the stringent demands for sustainable development, it is pressing to revisit wood-based materials as sustainable sources to satisfy our continuous needs, alleviating our fear of the depletion of nonrenewable natural resources.Here, we cover the most recent advances in designing hierarchical structures using wood and wood-based nanomaterials, including both the bottom-up assembly from nanocellulose into varied 1D, 2D, and 3D forms and the recently developed top-down approaches that introduce novel functionalities to existing wood hierarchical structures. Progress in the application of these hierarchical structures to emerging sustainable areas will be reviewed to emphasize how these traditional woody materials, now transformed by nanotechnologies, may be used to improve the sustainability of biodegradable flexible electronics, natural energy harvesting, thermal regulation in green buildings, sustainable energy storage, environmental remediation, and efficient solar steam generation toward desalination. To date, several very important reviews on the structures and applications of wood-and cellulose-based materials have been published, and due to the limited space available here, inclusion of comprehensive knowledge on all these aspects is infeasible. For more detailed reviews on each aspect, the readers will be directed to other more comprehensive or specific reviews. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The primary focus here will be placed on how these bio-based materials could potentially With over 30% global land coverage, the forest is one of nature's most generous gifts to human beings, providing shelters and materials for all living beings. Apart from being sustainable, renewable, and biodegradable, wood and its derivative materials are also extremely fascinating from a materials aspect, with numerous advantages including porous and hierarchical structure, excellent mechanical performance, and versatile chemistry. Here, strategies for designing n...

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Section: Hierarchical Mesostructures From Wood‐based Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood‐Based Nanotechnologies toward Sustainability

et al. 2017

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“…Implementing transparent conductors with high haze as the top electrode may diminish such loss by increasing the absorption of light that enters the solar cell. Similarly, incorporating high haze substrates into organic light‐emitting diodes may lead up to 20% improvement in luminescent efficacy . In contrast, applications such as flat panel displays favor low haze transparent conductor for clear display effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Performance Limits and Haze Evaluation of Metal Nanomesh Transparent Conductors

Gao

Haghanifar

Lindsay

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Materials

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Metal nanomeshes are demonstrated as flexible transparent conductors with performance comparable to indium tin oxide. However, it is not known what the performance limits of these structures are in terms of transparency and sheet resistance. More importantly, the haze, which describes how much incident light is scattered by these structures, has not been studied. In this paper, the transmission, sheet resistance, and haze of metal nanomeshes are comprehensively studied to determine their fundamental performance limits as transparent conductors through simulations and experiments. Numerical simulations and analytical calculations are used to evaluate the tradeoffs and correlations between these three figures of merit. A strong correlation is found between haze and transmission, where structures with high transmission tend to have low haze and vice versa. Structures with a pitch above 1000 nm are beneficial for achieving transmission over 80% and larger thickness is favorable in reducing sheet resistance without significantly affecting transmission. Furthermore, metal nanomeshes are fabricated to verify simulation results. The haze may be primarily explained by Fraunhofer diffraction, but the spectral dependence of haze requires analysis with Mie scattering theory. The results should apply to all metal grid or grating‐like structures. The fundamental performance limits evaluated here are helpful for guiding engineering design and research prioritization.

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“…The process can be potentially implemented in a roll-to-roll machine for large scale production. [20] The new plastic-paper material possesses a high optical transmittance (> 85%) and a high transmittance haze (> 90%; i.e. ratio between diffused and total light intensity) in a broadband wavelength, enabling enhancement of light coupling through the substrate (Figure 2a).…”

Section: Light Harvesting Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14] Nowadays, several devices have been demonstrated on paper such as thin film transistors, memories, organic light emitting diodes, sensors. [15,16,25,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The use of paper in electronics has followed two main approaches; in the first case, paper is used simply as the flexible substrate where the different devices are printed; in the second case additional functionalities are given to the cellulosic paper, such as for example transparency or conductivity, allowing its use as an active material. [10] For the realization of integrated systems, paper-based devices of different sizes often require the power supply; this aspect is crucial and has received increasing attention from the scientific community.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed Solar Cells and Energy Storage Devices on Paper Substrates

Brunetti

Operamolla

Castro‐Hermosa

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

145

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Paper is a flexible material, commonly used for information storage, writing, packaging or specialized purposes. It also has strong appeal as a substrate in the field of flexible printed electronics. Many applications, including safety, merchandising, smart labels/packing, chemical/biomedical sensors, require an energy source to power operation. Here we review progress regarding development of photovoltaic and energy storage devices on cellulosic substrates where one or more of the main material layers are deposited via solution processing or printing. Paper can be used simply as the flexible substrate or, exploiting its porous fibrelike nature, as an active film by infiltration or co-preparation with electronic materials. Solar cells with efficiencies of up to  4% on opaque and 9% on transparent substrates have been demonstrated. Recent developments in paper-based supercapacitors and batteries are also reviewed with maximum achieved capacity of 1350 mF cm -2 and 2000 mAh g -1 respectively.Analysing the literature, it becomes apparent that more work needs to be carried out in continuing to improve peak performance, but especially stability and the application of printing techniques, even roll-to-roll, over large areas. Paper is not only environmentally friendly and recyclable, it is thin, flexible, low-weight, biocompatible, and low-cost.

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Light management in plastic–paper hybrid substrate towards high-performance optoelectronics

Abstract: We integrated plastic into mesoporous paper to achieve a new type of substrate plastic–paper for high performance optoelectronics.

Cited by 113 publications

References 50 publications

Wood‐Based Nanotechnologies toward Sustainability

Wood‐Based Nanotechnologies toward Sustainability

Fundamental Performance Limits and Haze Evaluation of Metal Nanomesh Transparent Conductors

Printed Solar Cells and Energy Storage Devices on Paper Substrates

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