Life History of Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae) and Susceptibility of Rice Varieties to Its Attacks1

Abstract

The rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), a major pest of rice in most of Asia, underwent optimum development at 25 and 29°C, but 33°C was detrimental to all life stages. However, this effect was moderated considerably by rearing the insects at 12-hour alternations of 25° and 33 °C or 29° and 33 °C. While high planthopper populations caused "hopper burn," lower infestations reduced the number of tillers, number of panicles, and total grain weight of the plants. Unfilled grains resulted from infestation during the reproductive growth stage of plants but not from infestation during the vegetative phase. There were distinct differences in the susceptibility of 20 selected varieties to this species. While some of these varieties were less preferred by the insect and showed some antibiosis effects, tolerance to hopper burn appeared to be the major factor in the differences of susceptibility. There were no apparent correlations between the resistance of these varieties to the brown planthopper and their resistance to the rice green leafhopper. The brown planthopper, Nilapan'ata lugens (Stal), I From a thesis submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science in Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines.

Mechanisms of callose deposition in rice regulated by exogenous abscisic acid and its involvement in rice resistance to Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

“…13,14 The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål; BPH) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a typical vascular feeder, primarily sucking phloem sap through its piercing mouthparts 15 ; it is also one of the most notorious pests of rice, Oryza sativa L., throughout Asia, 16,17 and severe infestation can lead to a symptom commonly referred to as 'hopperburn'. 18 Outbreaks of N. lugens in China and other Asian countries have been primarily associated with the overuse of pyrethroids (deltamethrin) and organophosphates (triazophos), which induced a population resurgence and resistance to imidacloprid. Therefore, the most economic and effective control measure is the use of insect-resistant rice varieties.…”

Development of an early warning system for brown planthopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens) in rice farming using multispectral remote sensing

“…The ecology of BPH life will be changed in relation to weather conditions. The most important factor that influences the transfer from one growth stage to the other is temperature (Pathak 1968;Ho and Liu 1969;Bae and Pathak 1970;Kalode 1976). If the temperature is about 25-30°C and humidity is from 80 to 86 %, BPH density (individuals/m 2 ) rates after changing to new growth stage increase between 50 and 60 % (Nguyen et al 2006).…”

Proportional transfer of chemical elements from rice plants to rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens[Stål], Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and its honeydew

“…In the autumn, the N. lugens population migrates southward to the overwintering area, where it feeds on the available rice plants (Cheng et al 1979;Kisimoto 1987;Rosenberg and Magor 1987;Pender 1994;Riley et al 1994). When the density of N. lugens is high, feeding leads to hopperburn (blocking of phloem sieve tubes), which is reflected by the drying of rice leaves and the wilting of the tillers (Bae and Pathak 1970). In 2005 and 2006, outbreaks of N. lugens in southern China and in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River resulted in severe losses in rice production (Gao et al 2006;Liu and Liao 2006).…”