LiDAR- and AR-Based Monitoring of Evolved Building Façades upon Zoning Conflicts

Abstract

Zoning conflicts have transformed Old Street fabrics in terms of architectural style and construction material in Lukang, Taiwan. This transformation should be assessed as a contribution to digital cultural sustainability. The objective of this study was to compare the evolved façades resultant from the changes made by the development of architectural history and urban planning. A combination of 3D scan technology and a smartphone augmented reality (AR) app, Augment®, was applied to the situated comparison with direct interaction on-site. The AR application compared 20 façades in the laboratory and 18 façades in four different sites using a flexible interface. The comparisons identified the correlation of evolved façades in real sites in terms of building volumes and components, pedestrian arcades on store fronts, and previous installations. The situated comparisons were facilitated in a field study with real-time adjustments to 3D models and analyses of correlations across details and components. The application of AR was demonstrated to be effective in reinstalling scenes and differentiating diversified compositions of vocabulary in a remote site.

Protocol Development for Point Clouds, Triangulated Meshes and Parametric Model Acquisition and Integration in an HBIM Workflow for Change Control and Management in a UNESCO’s World Heritage Site

“…This in turn allow us to generate a parametric model in continuous change and evolution; with the capacity of being updated as our society or our ability to incorporate information advances; and of working three-dimensionally with all this information in real time, allowing us to obtain cuts, sections, elevations, topography, etc. On the other hand, the archaeological layers have also been incorporated on the three-dimensional models, obtaining a model with the incorporated stratigraphy [ 28 ].…”

“…This fact has created a very interesting residential architecture with vaulted houses that combine different structures from different times [ 26 ] including the military structures among them the XII century Almohad Wall or the 19th century adobe walls. The SfM acquisition was aimed to optimize the movement of the DSLR (digital single lens reflex) camera to generate chunks of high-density points and integrity of each surface [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Immersive Technology and Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Sustainable Smart Cities

“…As shown in Table 2, which lists immersive technology applications in sustainable smart cities, case studies are the most used method [4,5,8,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], followed by literature reviews [9,20,[31][32][33][34][35], expert interviews [4,5,8,22,25,30], questionnaires [4,5,8,22,25,30], and experimentation [5,21,30].…”

“…In terms of integrating applications with immersive technology, the technologies used in this stage are VR and AR [43], VR visualization [48], VR immersive experiences [22], and AR/VR with BIM for smart building facility management [31]. Less research has been conducted on sustainability with energy efficiency [6], sustainable development goals [28], and building sustainability [39,61]. The main technology application areas for the construction stage are building sustainability [36], BIM and immersive technology integration [44], and BIM management collaboration [11,58,[61][62][63].…”

A review of the tools and techniques used in the digital preservation of architectural heritage within disaster cycles

“…Conservation refers more to the uses of architecture within broader social, cultural and political systems [6]. DTech can overcome the shortcomings of traditional historic building conservation methods by enabling the non-destructive monitoring of architectural heritage [7], real-time monitoring [8], data sharing [9], and virtual-real interaction [10]. These methods not only increase public awareness and appreciation of architectural heritage, but also facilitate non-destructive restoration and conservation while effectively maintaining its authenticity.…”