Leukoplakia of oral mucosa: Pathogenesis and possible correction with phytoadaptogen

Бочарова, О. А.; Pozharitskaya, M. M.; Chekalina, T. L.; Лыженкова, М. А.; Карпова, Р. В.; Mezentseva, M. V.; Ершов, Ф. И.

doi:10.1007/s10517-005-0132-6

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Lately studies have also focused on role of human papilloma virus [12]. Pathogenesis of leukoplakia has been thought to be characterized by impairment of the epithelial differentiation program [13]. Loss of heterozygosity, mutation of p53 gene, mitochondrial genomic mutations and epigenetic changes has been studied in leukoplakia which reflects it's potentially malignant nature [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Leukoplakia – Is Biopsy at the Initial Appointment a Must?

Mutalik

Pai

et al. 2014

JCDR

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Leukoplakia – Is Biopsy at the Initial Appointment a Must?

Mutalik

Pai

et al. 2014

JCDR

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“…Reason for exclusion Bocharova 2004 The study was not randomised, and both arms of the study employed active treatments, i.e. no placebo (or no treatment) group was included in the study Boisnic 1994 The study included participants with traumatic lesions…”

Section: Clinical Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer

Lodi

Franchini

Warnakulasuriya

et al. 2016

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

141

153

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cancer survival longer than five years after diagnosis are low. Drugs, surgery and other therapies have been tried for treatment of oral leukoplakia. Objectives This review aimed to evaluate whether treatments for oral leukoplakia are effective in preventing oral cancer, and safe and acceptable to patients. Study characteristics The evidence on which this review is based is up-to-date as of May 2016. We found 14 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of medical and complementary treatments, which involved 909 participants in total. Treatments included herbal extracts, anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin A, beta carotene supplements and others. Surgical treatment has not been compared with placebo or no treatment in an RCT. Key results Cancer development was measured in studies of three treatments: systemic vitamin A, systemic beta carotene and topical bleomycin. None of these treatments showed effectiveness in preventing cancer development, as measured up to two years for vitamin A and beta carotene, and seven years for bleomycin. Some individual studies of vitamin A and beta carotene suggested that these treatments may be effective for improving or healing oral lesions. However, some studies observed a high rate of relapse in participants whose lesions were initially resolved by treatment. Most treatments caused side effects of differing severity in a high proportion of participants. It seems likely that interventions were well accepted by participants because drop-out rates were similar between treatment and control groups. Quality of the evidence The available evidence is very limited. Most interventions were assessed by only one small study. Most studies had problems in the way they were conducted, making their results unreliable. We judged the quality of evidence for the outcome of cancer development to be very low. Author conclusions Larger, better studies of longer duration are required. As well as further studies of drug treatment and alternative treatments like vitamins, studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of surgery, and of stopping risk factor habits such as smoking. * The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% conf idence interval) is based on the assum ed risk in the com parison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI) CI = conf idence interval; RR = risk ratio; vs = versus; d = day 4 Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer (Review)

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“…Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for more than 95% of all malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity (1, 2) and oral leukoplakia (OL) is regarded as the most prevalent premalignant or potentially malignant lesion of the oral mucosa (3), which is defined as a white plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease (4). The presence of epithelial dysplasia seems to be the most important prognostic indicator of malignant transformation (3); however, the malignization incidence of OL varies in different parts of the world, probably as a result of differences in ethnic and environmental factors (5, 6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%