“…To illustrate this point, Carey and Stefaniak (2018) explored open digital badges as substitutions for traditional credentials and diploma supplements. Moreover, McCullough and Buch (2020) recognize micro-credentials as an innovative solution in the context of higher education to record Stackability of credits and qualifications 17 Carey and Stefaniak, 2018;Jirgensons and Kapenieks, 2018;Ghasia et al, 2019;Ruddy and Ponte, 2019;Stefaniak and Carey, 2019;McCullough and Buch, 2020;Zhang and West, 2020;Ashcroft et al, 2021;Cook, 2021;Olcott, 2021;Ralston, 2021;Selvaratnam and Sankey, 2021;Wheelahan and Moodie, 2021;White, 2021;Woods and Woods, 2021;Clausen, 2022;Fisher and Leder, 2022 Integration into curriculum 24 Devedžić and Jovanović, 2015;Law, 2015;Copenhaver and Pritchard, 2017;Ippoliti and Baeza, 2017;Carey and Stefaniak, 2018;Cheng et al, 2018;Coleman, 2018;Ghasia et al, 2019;Ruddy and Ponte, 2019;Stefaniak and Carey, 2019;Cheng et al, 2020;McCullough and Buch, 2020;Newby and Cheng, 2020;Peacock et al, 2020;Alt, 2021;Ashcroft et al, 2021;Cook, 2021;Gamrat and Zimmerman, 2021;Olcott, 2021;R...…”