“Les jeunes des banlieues”: neighborhood effects on the immigrant youth experience in France

Abstract

This paper explores the impact of the spatial context on populations of immigrant descent in French segregated suburbs, focusing on the youth. The phrase "jeunes des banlieues" (suburban youth) has become a whole concept in itself, capturing the variety of challenges raised-and facedby immigrant youth in segregated neighborhoods. Our study was a follow-up to the Trajectories and Origins (TeO) Survey conducted by the French National Institute of Demographic Studies from September 2008 to February 2009. It is based on a series of in-depth interviews and a systematic observation survey about the neighborhood. Our results clearly show that neighborhood matters in how young people experience their school system, their interactions with the police, and the way they perceive themselves and their own environment. Outside perceptions of the neighborhood also shape individual and social identities. Overall, high concentrations of immigrants negatively impact the experience of young people of immigrant descent.

Maternal immigrant status and signs of neurodevelopmental problems in early childhood: The French representative ELFE birth cohort

“…For example, both second and first generation immigrant women can face cultural and language barriers in accessing prenatal care, resulting in deferred treatment of pregnancy complications [Heaman et al, 2013]. Furthermore, on average immigrants differ from the host population in terms of obesity [Martin-Fernandez, Grillo, Tichit, Parizot, & Chauvin, 2012], socioeconomic status, as well as associated risk factors such as poor housing [Delobel-Ayoub et al, 2015;Douzet & Robine, 2015;Racape, Schoenborn, Sow, Alexander, & De Spiegelaere, 2016]. Immigrants are at risk of discrimination, which may affect mental health [Ikram et al, 2015] and impair access to vital everyday life services [Heaman et al, 2013;Vignier, Spira, Bouchaud, du Loû, & Chauvin, 2018].…”

“…Such experiences may have a lasting impact on stress physiology [e.g., hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis dysregulation; Klaassens et al, ] and mental health [Kalt et al, ], which in turn could adversely affect fetal neurodevelopment [van den Bergh et al, ]. Second generation immigrants may face other types of stressors, such as those related to labor market discrimination and neighborhood segregation [Douzet & Robine, ]. Finally, postnatal factors, such as child stimulation, childcare arrangements, screen use time, and multiple language exposure might differ depending on parental immigrant status.…”

Autism Spectrum and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children of Immigrants: A Brief Review of Current Evidence and Implications for Clinical Practice

“…Several explanations have been suggested, which include an increased prevalence of known pre-, peri-, and post-natal risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders ( 54 – 58 ). For example, immigrants frequently differ from the host population on risk factors, such as obesity ( 59 , 60 ), and low socioeconomic status, as well as associated risk factors, such as inadequate housing and poor nutrition ( 46 , 61 – 65 ). Furthermore, they may be more frequently exposed to environmental pollutants, such as dioxin, PCBs, traffic-related air pollution, or heavy metals ( 53 , 65 – 69 ).…”

Факторы И Механизмы Складывания Мест Резидентной Концентрации Мигрантов Вокруг Рынков

“…С одной стороны, места концентрации мигрантов становятся теми пространствами, которые помо гают им быстрее найти работу, обрести сети поддержки и сформировать привязан ность к новому месту проживания [Mazumdar et al, 2000], а также меньше стра дать от депрессии [Jurcik et al, 2013]. Более того, трудоустройство в этнических анклавах зачастую связано с более высокими доходами, чем на «общем» рынке труда [Edin, Fredriksson, Åslund, 2003;Portes, Manning, 1986] [Chiswick, Miller, 2005;Lazear, 1999], худ шей успеваемостью детей в школах [Danzer et al, 2018;Grönqvist, 2006], а также с более высоким уровнем дискриминации [Douzet, Robine, 2015] и религиозной радикализацией [Hüttermann, 2018]. Разнонаправленность процессов, проис ходящих в местах резидентной концентрации мигрантов, отмечают и российские ученые на примере Новосибирска [Madiukova, Persidskaia, 2017].…”