Leptospirosis in the tropics and in travelers

Ricaldi, Jessica N.; Vinetz, Joseph M.

doi:10.1007/s11908-006-0035-3

Cited by 59 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In European countries, leptospirosis is known as an imported disease ("travellers' disease" [8][9][10][11][12][13]) or in certain occupational groups (among agricultural works, livestock and forestry workers, etc. [14][15][16][17][18][19]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in leptospirosis etiology in animals and humans

Vasylieva¹,

Andreychyn²,

Kravchuk³

et al. 2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction. Leptospirosis is endemic in Ternopil region. In Ukraine, the disease is registered in almost all regions, including the Ternopil region. The aim of the research is to study the regularities of epidemic and epizootic processes of leptospirosis, and the circulation of its pathogens among different sources (small mammals, animals) and humans. Materials and method. Etiologic spectrum of leptospirosis registered in Ternopil region in 1972-2016 among small mammals, farm animals and sick people was studied. Results. Due to the analysis of pathogens circulation among different sources (small mammals, animals), as well as the annual morbidity in humans, it was proved that new leptospira serovars are endemic and brought into the regions mostly by farm animals. Farm animals introduce the infection to humans through the environment, sometimes within 3-5-years. The spread was observed of pathogen serovars, which are new in certain areas, among all types of mouse-like small mammals and rats. It was established that livestock and small mammals are parallel reservoirs. Conclusions. In the regions with endemic species, the structural modification in the etiology of leptospirosis in humans is caused by additional reservoirs among animals, as well as the circulation of other pathogen serovars that were absent in the main natural reservoir, i.e. mouse-like small mammals and rats. The constant monitoring of the population, contamination and carrier state of mouse-like small mammals, rats and farm animals, is required In order to predict the future epidemiological situation on leptospirosis among the population and to improve leptospirosis diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in leptospirosis etiology in animals and humans

Vasylieva¹,

Andreychyn²,

Kravchuk³

et al. 2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…Leptospirosis is gaining special attention with the increase in adventure travel and water-related activities. 8,11 In this nation-wide survey, we summarize the epidemiologic and clinical features of travel-related leptospirosis in Israel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travel-Related Leptospirosis in Israel: A Nationwide Study

Leshem¹,

Segal²,

Barnea³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Leptospirosis is re-emerging in developed countries as a travel-related infection. In this nationwide study of travel-related leptospirosis in Israel, all cases diagnosed at the Central Reference Laboratory for Leptospirosis, during 2002Leptospirosis, during -2008 were retrospectively reviewed and only travel-related cases were included. During the study years, 20 (42%) of 48 leptospirosis cases in Israel were travel-related. Exposure occurred in Southeast Asia in 15 (75%) of 20 cases. The estimated yearly incidence of travel-related leptospirosis was 1.78/100,000 travelers compared with an incidence of endemic cases of 0.06/100,000 inhabitants (risk ratio = 29.6, 95% confidence interval = 16.7-52.4). Most patients (89%) were infected during water-related activities. Severe disease was present in 10 (55%) of 18 patients; 7 of them were presumptively infected with the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup. Thus, travel-related leptospirosis is becoming increasingly important in the epidemiology of leptospirosis in Israel. Leptospirosis should be suspected in any traveler with undifferentiated febrile illness, especially when water exposure is reported.

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“…Although exposure to the disease in humans has been primarily related to occupational factors (animal-associated activities), transmission through contaminated water (either by bathing, drinking, or exposure during flooding) has also been reported [2,[6][7][8]. The clinical manifestations of the disease vary from mild to extremely severe symptoms and include: jaundice, anorexia, headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, nausea, coughing, diarrhea, and renal failure [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective analysis of the leptospirosis research in Colombia

Dechner

2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Leptospirosis is a re-emerging infectious disease whose prevalence is often underestimated, not only in Colombia, but in most developing countries. The objective of this paper is to assess the research status of leptospirosis in Colombia in order to identify trends, knowledge gaps, and directions for future research. Methodology: With the aim of gathering all the information available on leptospirosis in the country, a web search was conducted in various indexes and databases. The search terms used were: Leptospirosis + Colombia. A total of 95 publications were found and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The first report of leptospirosis in the country was published in 1957. More than 60% of the published works focus on the prevalence of the disease. The Central part of the country is the area with the highest number of publications. MAT was used in 84% of the prevalence studies and humans are the most studied taxonomic group, with 45% of the publications. The highest prevalence of the disease was registered for rodents (82.7%, 62/75), followed by humans (67.9%, 53/78), pigs (67.6%, 342/506), and dogs (67.2%, 41/61). The prevalence of the disease in the country is associated with occupational factors, hygiene conditions and contact with rodents. Conclusion: Although leptospirosis is a prevalent disease in Colombia, the limitations of the diagnostic techniques used and the lack of a unified criteria on titers thresholds, make an accurate assessment of the prevalence of the disease in the country problematic.

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Leptospirosis in the tropics and in travelers

Cited by 59 publications

References 58 publications

Changes in leptospirosis etiology in animals and humans

Changes in leptospirosis etiology in animals and humans

Travel-Related Leptospirosis in Israel: A Nationwide Study

A retrospective analysis of the leptospirosis research in Colombia

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