Leptin serum concentration, food intake and body weight in rats whose mothers were exposed to malnutrition during lactation

Teixeira, Cíntia Vilanova; Passos, M. C. F.; Ramos, Cristiane da Fonte; Dutra, Sheila Cristina Potente; Moura, Egberto Gaspar de

doi:10.1016/s0955-2863(02)00197-3

Cited by 81 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The developmental programming effects on pups are dependent on offspring sex and the period of exposure to undernutrition. Teixeira et al have shown changes in leptin concentration, during lactation, in pups whose mothers were exposed to protein or energy restriction (13). In contrast with our reported data (12), the leptin serum concentrations after weaning were unchanged.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of a Maternal Low Protein Isocaloric Diet on Milk Leptin and Progeny Serum Leptin Concentration and Appetitive Behavior in the First 21 Days of Neonatal Life in the Rat

et al. 2008

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Suboptimal developmental environments program offspring to lifelong metabolic problems. We evaluated effects of maternal isocaloric low protein diet during pregnancy and/or lactation on milk quantity and leptin concentration at postnatal day 7, 14, and 21. Control mothers ate 20% casein (C) and restricted mothers (R) 10% casein to provide four groups: CC, RR, CR, and RC (first letter pregnancy and second lactation diet) to enable evaluation of effects influenced by maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation. Milk leptin was not a determinant of pup serum leptin. Pup serum leptin did not inhibit milk appetite at any postnatal age. Pup serum leptin did not correlate with pup adipose tissue. Finally, the normal postnatal leptin rise in pup serum was delayed by prenatal undernutrition. These data suggest that fetal nutrition modifies timing of neonatal leptin surge and may contribute to the development of altered appetite and metabolic disorders in later life. H uman epidemiologic (1) and experimental animal studies (2) have shown that suboptimal environments in the womb and during early neonatal life alter growth and predispose individuals to lifelong health problems. Effects of maternal nutrient restriction during pregnancy and/or lactation have been studied in many different models. A variety of growth, endocrine and cardiovascular phenotypes result from nutrient restriction in different developmental windows. Perinatal malnutrition predisposes to offspring obesity in adulthood by changes during the development of central neural pathways mediated by regulatory mechanisms including leptin (3). Rapid catch-up growth after early growth restriction increases the risk of developing obesity and cardiovascular disease in later life (4,5).One of the most important neonatal factors involved in developmental programming is the adequacy of nutrition during the lactation period. Breast feeding decreases the risk of obesity in later childhood (6). Many factors including maternal milk composition, energy content, and quantity may influence future appetite control. Breast milk contains leptin (7) a hormone produced and secreted in a variety of tissues, predominantly by adipocytes (8) which regulates food intake and energy expenditure at the hypothalamic level in adult animals (8,9). Circulating levels of leptin correlate positively with the amount of fat stores (10). During the first days of postnatal life, leptin levels are higher than those observed later in development (11). Several studies have demonstrated a surge of leptin around postnatal days (PND) 10 -14 in the rat (11). This surge has been correlated with maturation of the central nervous mechanisms that regulate appetite in later life. Leptin also seems to play a key role in programming the structural and functional development of hypothalamic orixigenic and anorexigenic centers in the early postnatal period.We have demonstrated that maternal protein restriction in the rat during either pregnancy or lactation alters postnatal growth, appetitive behavior, ...

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confidence: 99%

Effects of a Maternal Low Protein Isocaloric Diet on Milk Leptin and Progeny Serum Leptin Concentration and Appetitive Behavior in the First 21 Days of Neonatal Life in the Rat

et al. 2008

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“…Some studies have shown that the nutritional status of the mother during gestation and lactation is essential to normal growth and development in humans (Baker, 2000) and in experimental animals (Passos et al, 2000;Teixeira et al, 2002;Fernandes et al, 2007Fernandes et al, , 2008; Andrade et al, 2012). Previous studies have shown that maternal malnutrition during lactation can change milk composition (Passos et al), serum hormone levels (Teixeira et al).…”

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confidence: 99%

Maternal Malnutrition Diet During Lactation Period Leads to Incomplete Catch-Up Growth in Femur of the Pups at Adulthood

et al. 2016

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SUMMARY:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal protein and energy restriction during lactation, analyzing on morphological dimensions whether there was catch-up growth through normative nutrition restored, as well as on mechanical axis of femur of the offspring at adulthood. At parturition, Wistar rat dams were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) control group (C) -free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 23 % protein, 2) protein-energy restricted group (PER) -free access to an isoenergetic, protein-restricted diet containing 8 % protein, and 3) energy-restricted group (ER) -fed with restricted amounts of a standard laboratory diet. At weaning, all pups were separated of dams and received free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 23 % protein until 180 days, when the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed. The dimensions of excised pup femur were measured directly using pre-established anatomical points. Morphometric analysis of the femur (macroscopic) showed that most of the measurements in the ER and PER groups were significantly lower than in the control group, with the greatest reductions occurring in the PER group and several structural abnormalities. Our results show that protein and energy restriction during lactation leads to an incomplete catch-up growth in adulthood. The femur showed significant reduction in most of the parameters in the two treated groups, particularly the PER group, when compared to the control group.

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“…Some reported studies have shown that food deprivation decreased growth-hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and consequently the GH serum levels, which could easily explain the low weight gain of these animals [1]. We have also shown that pups whose mothers were subjected to protein or energy malnutrition during lactation present an alteration in the leptin serum concentration [2], which could also be related to the low weight gain of the animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…It could possibly be a multifactorial disease, affecting several organs and functions, which may not be related to each other. Previous works have shown that malnutrition can affect several systems [1,2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prostate of weaned pups is altered by maternal malnutrition during lactation in rats

Ramos¹,

Babinski²,

Costa³

et al. 2009

Asian J Androl

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal malnutrition during lactation on prostate growth and estradiol serum concentration in the prostate of pups. At delivery, nine Wistar rats were separated into three groups: control group (C) with free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 22% protein; protein-energyrestricted group (PER) with free access to an isoenergy and protein-restricted diet containing 8% protein; and energyrestricted group (ER) receiving standard laboratory diet in restricted quantities, which were calculated according to the mean ingestion of the PER group. All pups were killed at weaning. PER and ER groups presented a significant reduction in estradiol serum concentration (C = 73.8 ± 4.6, PER = 48.7 ± 3.2, ER = 59.7 ± 5.5 pg mL −1 , P < 0. Testosterone concentration was significantly increased only in the PER group when compared with the C group (C = 0.09 ± 0.01, PER = 0.44 ± 0.04, ER = 0.15 ± 0.03 ng mL −1 , P < 0.001). An adequate nutritional state in early life is important for normal growth of the prostate gland, which seem to be related to serum levels of estradiol.

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Leptin serum concentration, food intake and body weight in rats whose mothers were exposed to malnutrition during lactation

Cited by 81 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of a Maternal Low Protein Isocaloric Diet on Milk Leptin and Progeny Serum Leptin Concentration and Appetitive Behavior in the First 21 Days of Neonatal Life in the Rat

Effects of a Maternal Low Protein Isocaloric Diet on Milk Leptin and Progeny Serum Leptin Concentration and Appetitive Behavior in the First 21 Days of Neonatal Life in the Rat

Maternal Malnutrition Diet During Lactation Period Leads to Incomplete Catch-Up Growth in Femur of the Pups at Adulthood

The prostate of weaned pups is altered by maternal malnutrition during lactation in rats

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