Leishmaniosis and Generalized Demodicosis in Three Dogs: a Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Mozos, E.; Pérez, J.; Day, M. J.; Lucena, R.; Ginel, Pedro J.

doi:10.1053/jcpa.1998.0273

Cited by 43 publications

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“…13,14 The lipid overload in the cytoplasm of the foamy cells might explain the lack of staining for MAC387, which is considered a marker of activated macrophages. 18 Despite numerous features common to human verruciform xanthoma, the present canine case showed distinct differences. First, the number of xanthomatous lesions was quite high, whereas multiple lesions are rarely described in humans.…”

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confidence: 59%

Multiple Atypical Mucosal Xanthomas in a Dog Similar to Human Verruciform Xanthoma

et al. 2009

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Abstract. A case of atypical mucosal xanthomas in a 14-year-old Shi-Tzu dog is reported. Grossly, 1-6-mm granular plaques or slightly elevated papillary nodules were found in the oral cavity (dorsal and ventral sides of the tongue, inner upper lip) and in the upper digestive tract (esophagus, stomach). Microscopically, subepithelial aggregates of large foamy cells were found in strong association with papillary epithelial hyperplasia. By immunohistochemistry, the majority of these cells tested positive for lysozyme and ACM1. The cells had cytoplasmic lipid content that stained positively with oil red O. These findings confirmed a monocyte/macrophage lineage. On the basis of macroscopic observations, microscopic changes, and the absence of a clinical metabolic defect, the condition in this dog appears similar to that of humans with oral verruciform xanthoma. The pathogenesis of these xanthomas in the dog remains obscure, although this condition appears to affect people and dogs with an Asian origin.

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confidence: 59%

Multiple Atypical Mucosal Xanthomas in a Dog Similar to Human Verruciform Xanthoma

et al. 2009

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“…In visceral leishmaniasis, intraocular inflammation may result from the intense presence of leukocytes and Leishmania amastigote-like forms as described for the skin (MOZOS et al, 1999) or from the immune-mediated response (type III hypersensitivity) triggered by Leishmania antigens and by specific and nonspecific immunoglobulin deposits as observed for the glomerular filtration barrier (SARTORI et al, 1987;NIETO et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological findings and detection of parasites in the eyes of dogs infected naturally with Leishmania chagasi

et al. 2010

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“…Finally, the cutaneous lesions of CanL may be overshadowed by coexisting (eg, sarcoptic mange, hypothyroidism, atopic dermatitis, nodular and/or ulcerative neoplasms, systemic or subcutaneous mycoses) or complicating skin diseases, such as bacterial pyoderma, dermatophytosis, Malassezia dermatitis, and demodicosis. 13,18,21,27,44,74,96,141 Renal disease, a common entity and occasionally the sole clinical manifestation of CanL, may progress from asymptomatic proteinuria to nephrotic syndrome and/or end-stage kidney disease (uremic syndrome), and it is the principal cause of death among the affected leishmanial dogs. 29,73,116,118 Since renal disease plays a pivotal role in the prognosis and outcome of these animals, it has been adopted as a major criterion in the clinical staging of CanL by Leishvet.…”

Section: General Pathomechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic Mechanisms Underlying the Clinical Findings in Canine Leishmaniosis due to Leishmaniainfantum/chagasi

Koutinas¹,

2014

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In dogs with symptomatic or asymptomatic leishmaniosis, Leishmania infantum appears to induce a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response that in the sick dog may eventually result in tissue damage via different pathomechanisms, notably granulomatous inflammation (eg, nodular dermatitis, osteomyelitis), immune complex deposition (eg, glomerulonephritis), and/or autoantibody production (eg, polymyositis). This is a compensatory but detrimental mechanism generated mainly because of the insufficient killing capacity of macrophages against the parasite in the susceptible dog. Clinical disease is typically exemplified as exfoliative and/or ulcerative dermatitis, with or without nasodigital hyperkeratosis and onychogryphosis, glomerulonephritis, atrophic myositis of masticatory muscles, anterior uveitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, epistaxis, and/or polyarthritis, appearing alone or in various combinations. The pathogenesis of these clinical conditions has recently been highlighted, to a greater or lesser extent. The usually subclinical conditions expressed as chronic colitis, chronic hepatitis, vasculitis, myocarditis, osteomyelitis, orchiepididymitis, and meningoencephalomyelitis, though uncommon, are of pathologic importance from a differential point of view. The leading cause of death among canine leishmaniosis patients is chronic proteinuric nephritis that may progress to end-stage kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, and/or systemic hypertension. However, even the asymptomatic proteinuria, when profuse, may be a serious problem because it predisposes to arterial thromboembolism and eventually contributes to the deterioration of the body condition.

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Leishmaniosis and Generalized Demodicosis in Three Dogs: a Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Multiple Atypical Mucosal Xanthomas in a Dog Similar to Human Verruciform Xanthoma

Multiple Atypical Mucosal Xanthomas in a Dog Similar to Human Verruciform Xanthoma

Histopathological findings and detection of parasites in the eyes of dogs infected naturally with Leishmania chagasi

Pathologic Mechanisms Underlying the Clinical Findings in Canine Leishmaniosis due to Leishmaniainfantum/chagasi

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