Leishmaniasis causes oxidative stress and alteration of oxidative metabolism and viability of neutrophils in dogs

Almeida, Breno Fernando Martins de; Narciso, Luı́s; Melo, Larissa Martins; Preve, P. P.; Bosco, Álvaro Francisco; Lima, Valéria Marçal Felix de; Ciarlini, Paulo César

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.08.024

Cited by 58 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Oksidatif stresin organların işlevini belirgin biçimde bozduğu, insanlarda ve hayvanlarda çeşitli hastalıkların etiyolojisi ve patogenezinde önemli rol oynadığı belirtilmektedir (9). VL'li köpeklerde oksidatif duruma ilişkili olarak malondialdehit konsantrasyonu (3,4,10), reaktif oksijen metabolitleri (11) ve TOS (4) düzeylerinin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada oksidasyona uğrayan ürünlerin genel düzeyini belirleme amacıyla TOS değeri ölçülmüştür (6).…”

Section: Bulgularunclassified

“…Hastalığın tüm evrelerindeki VL'li köpeklerde sağlıklı köpeklere göre yüksek (p<0,001) TOS değerleri belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgu VL'li köpeklerde yapılan çalışmalarda elde edilen verilere benzerlik göstermektedir (4,11). VL, farklı mekanizmalarla oksidatif strese neden olmaktadır.…”

Section: Bulgularunclassified

“…Çeşitli çalışmalarda VL ile enfekte semptomatik köpeklerin, asemptomatik ya da non-enfekte olgulara oranla daha fazla oksidatif strese maruz kaldıkları rapor edilmiştir (3,4). Bu çalışma-da oksidatif durum ve lipid profilinde belirlenen değişikliklerin VL'nin farklı evrelerindeki köpekler arasında farklı olmaması, özel-likle evre III ve IV'de olgu sayısının azlığı ve örneklemenin tek sefer yapılmasıyla ilişkilendirilebilir.…”

Section: Bulgularunclassified

“…Köpeklerde VL'nin patogenezi çeşitli çalışmalarla araş-tırılmış olmakla birlikte konakçı-parazit etkileşiminin bazı yönleri henüz anlaşılamamıştır. VL'li köpeklerde oksidatif durum ve lipid profili hakkında çeşitli çalışmalar bulunmakla birlikte, bahsedilen biyobelirteçlerin hastalığın farklı evrelerinde ortaya konulmasına yönelik araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu ifade edilmektedir (2)(3)(4). Bu nedenle hastalığın farklı evrelerindeki köpeklerde ortaya çıkan oksidatif durum ve lipid metabolizması değişikliklerinin hastalığın patogenezi ile tanı, tedavi ve prognoza yönelik faydalı bilgiler sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Oxidative Status and Lipid Profile among Dogs at Different Stages of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Gültekin

Paşa

Ural

et al. 2018

TurkiyeParazitolDerg

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ÖZAmaç: Bu çalışmada Visseral Leishmaniasis'in (VL) farklı evrelerindeki köpeklerde oksidatif durum ve lipid profilinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmada VL'li 32, klinik, hematolojik ve biyokimyasal bulgulara göre sağlıklı 14 olmak üzere toplam 46 köpek kullanılmıştır. VL'li köpekler Leishvet grubunun sınıflamasına göre evre I (n=9), evre II (n=11), evre III (n=6), evre IV (n=6) olarak dört gruba ayrılmış ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu (n=14) ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Hayvanlarda serum lipid profili değerlendirmesi adına yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL), kolesterol ve trigliserit, oksidatif durum analizi için ise toplam antioksidan kapasite (TAK), toplam oksidan seviye (TOS), paraoksonaz-1 (PON-1) değerleri incelenmiştir. Bulgular: VL'li köpeklerde, hastalığın tüm evrelerinde, sağlıklı gruptaki köpeklere kıyasla TOS değeri ve LDL konsantrasyonunda artış, PON-1 aktivitesi ve HDL konsantrasyonunda ise azalma belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Gruplar arasında TAK değeri, kolesterol ve trigliserit konsantrasyonu açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Sonuç: VL'li köpeklerde oksidatif stres ve lipid profilinde bazı değişiklikler gözlenmiştir. Hastalığın farklı evrelerindeki köpekler arasında ise önemli bir farklılık saptanamamıştır. VL'nin tüm evrelerindeki köpeklerde TOS değeri, PON-1 aktivitesi, HDL ve LDL konsantrasyonlarında belirlenen değişikliklerin hastalığın tanısında ve tedavinin planlamasında dikkate alınması gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır. (n=6), and stage IV (n=6); these dogs were compared to healthy control dogs (n=14). The lipid profile [high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, and triglyceride levels) and oxidative status [total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity] were evaluated.Results: Compared to the control dogs, significant increases in the TOS and the LDL level and decreases in PON-1 activity and the HDL level were determined among the dogs at all stages of VL (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in the TAC and the cholesterol and triglyceride levels among the groups. Conclusion: Increased oxidative stress and alterations in lipid profile were observed among dogs with VL. However, no significant differences were detected between dogs at different stages of the disease. Therefore, changes in the TOS, PON-1 activity, and HDL and LDL levels in dogs at all stages of VL should be considered in the diagnosis of the disease and planning of the treatment.

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Section: Bulgularunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Oxidative Status and Lipid Profile among Dogs at Different Stages of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Gültekin

Paşa

Ural

et al. 2018

TurkiyeParazitolDerg

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“…Samples blood were subject to an automated blood analyzer (BC-2800 Vet) 2 for complete blood count. Hematological parameters were evaluated for white blood cells (WBC, 103/dL), including total leukocytes and differential leukocytes, neutrophils (Neu), eosinophils (Eos), monocytes (Mon), basophils (Bas), and lymphocytes (Lym); red blood cells: erythrocytes (RBC, 106/dL), hemoglobin (Hb, g/dL), hematocrit (Hct, %) and total platelets (Plt, x10 3 /dL).…”

Section: Hematological and Biochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

Lopes-Neto

Santos

Lima

et al. 2016

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is caused by an obligatory intracellular parasite of Leishmania genus that affects organs and tissues. Several studies evaluate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The overproduction of ROS on infectious diseases can induce an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants at cellular or systemic level. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes in CanL.Materials, Methods & Results: Females (n = 17) and males (n = 10), at different ages and with different weight, were selected for this study. Dogs were divided into two groups according classical clinical signs and sorological test to CanL. Animals were considered infected based on indirect immunofluorescent assay and ELISA titration ≥ 1:40. Group B (n = 15) composed by positive dogs to CanL from Zoonosis Control Center of Fortaleza (Ceará, Brazil) and group A (n = 12) was composed by dogs from private kennel that were serologically negative to L. infantum and had absence of clinical signs to CanL. Blood sample were collected for evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) enzymatic activity. Data were analyzed by Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient (P < 0.05). Total proteins (TP, mg/dL) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, U/L) were increased (P < 0.05) on group B (8.2 ± 1.2; 165.4 ± 46.4) when compared to group A (6.5 ± 1.1; 109.1 ± 38.3), respectively. Hemoglobin (Hb; g/dL) and hematocrit (Hct; %) were decreased (P < 0.05) on Group B (14.7 ± 1.8; 48.2 ± 5.7) when compared to group A (16.5 ± 1.3; 52.1 ± 2.4), respectively. Group B presented CAT (U/g Hb) and GPx (mU/mg Hb) lower (189.4 ± 90.4; 3,609.6 ± 1,569.1) than group A (326.6 ± 104.5; 5,055.6 ±1,569.1), respectively (P < 0.001). Positive correlation was observed between RBC and CAT; however, it was not significant.Discussion: Organisms require a good defense system in order to revert the overproduction of free radicals and consequently the injuries caused by them. This is possible through the production of antioxidant agents, which act on oxidative prevention and on tissue and cellular regeneration, by taking the reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes in the frontline. Erythrocyte changes promoted by CanL suggest possible correlation between anemia and the appearance of clinical signs, which in many cases is not seen. Erythrocytes contain SOD, CAT and GPx enzymes, thus, changes in these cells will reflect on the activity of these enzymes. In our results only CAT showed positive correlation with erythrocyte count, however it was not significant. GPx activity was lower (P < 0.001) in infected dogs than control group. This result agrees with another study, which showed a decrease in GPx levels in CanL, although it was not significant. However, it was found a positive correlation (P < 0.001) between erythrocytes and GPx activity and between hemoglobin and GPx activity in animals with leishmaniasis. These results suggest that the reduction in detoxification activity can be related to the decrease in erythrocyte count and that the GPx activity depends on the control mechanism of the antioxidant system in CanL. Furthermore, this result could be associated with decrease of blood cell count in animals with CanL, once GPx is an erythrocyte enzyme, which plays an important role in hemoglobin protection against oxidative damage. This study was carried out in naturally infected dogs with L. infantum. In conclusion, CAT and GPx activities are relate to oxidative stress induced by L. infantum infection and can be used as biomarkers on CanL.

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Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury

Smith¹,

Goggs

2018

Textbook of Small Animal Emergency Medicine

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Leishmaniasis causes oxidative stress and alteration of oxidative metabolism and viability of neutrophils in dogs

Cited by 58 publications

References 50 publications

Oxidative Status and Lipid Profile among Dogs at Different Stages of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Oxidative Status and Lipid Profile among Dogs at Different Stages of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury

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