Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase  in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

Lopes-Neto, Belarmino Eugênio; Santos, Glauco Jonas Lemos; Lima, Adam Leal; Barbosa, Maritza Cavalcante; Santos, Talya Ellen Jesus dos; Uchoa, Daniel Couto; Pinheiro, Ana Débora Nunes; Pinheiro, Romélia; Nunes-Pinheiro, Diana Célia Sousa

doi:10.22456/1679-9216.80936

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Similar observations were reported from Serarsalan et al [ 10 ] who observed significantly higher levels of serum malondialdehyde (MDA). ROS overproduction can induce an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant at the cellular or systemic level, leading to the establishment of oxidative stress [ 33 ]. O 2 − is the precursor of other harmful oxidants such as H 2 O 2 and its derivates [ 11 ], and O 2 − production was significantly elevated during phagocytosis of the stationary phase promastigotes [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitric oxide (NO) has been demonstrated to be the molecule mostly involved in intracellular killing of Leishmania , both in vitro and in vivo [ 36 ]. In dogs, single and coinfections by L. infantum , E. canis and B. vogeli cause an increase in the levels of NO [ 33 ]. NO becomes increasingly important as a defense mechanism during the intracellular amastigote stage [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redox Status in Canine Leishmaniasis

Quintavalla

Basini

Bussolati

et al. 2021

Animals

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The World Health Organization defined leishmaniasis as one of the priority attention diseases. Aiming to clarify some aspects of its pathogenetic mechanisms, our study focused on the assessment of redox status in dogs, the main reservoir for Leishmania infantum. Forty-five dogs from an endemic area in southern Italy were divided into four different groups (from mild disease with negative to low positive antibody levels to very severe disease with medium to high positive antibody levels) according to the LeishVet group guidelines. Their plasma and/or sera were tested for reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely the superoxide anion (O2−), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as nitric oxide (NO) and hydroperoxides (ROOH), as well as activity of the detoxifying enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity, as determined by the ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. O2− generation was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in leishmaniasis-affected dogs independently of the clinical stage, while NO production was stimulated (p < 0.05) only in II and III stage patients. No difference could be found for the levels of hydroperoxides and SOD activity between healthy and pathological subjects. FRAP values were lower in affected dogs but only in stage II. Taken together, although we demonstrated that several redox status parameters are altered in the plasma of dog affected by leishmaniasis, the oxidative stress changes that are observed in this disease, are possibly mainly due to cellular blood components i.e., neutrophils responsible for the elimination of the parasite. Further studies are required to assess the clinical values of the collected data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Status in Canine Leishmaniasis

Quintavalla

Basini

Bussolati

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…GPx може бути також використана як біомаркер для діагностики паразитарних захворювань собак. Зокрема встановлене зниження активності цього ензиму в крові тварин інфікованих Leishmania infantum (Lopes-Neto et al, 2016) та Babesia canis canis (Crnogaj et al, 2017). Тому кров для досліджень необхідно брати до анестезії та враховувати загальний стан організму тварин.…”

Section: вступunclassified

Glutathione peroxidase of blood of dogs and cats with mammary tumors

2018

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For timely diagnostics and successful treatment of mammary tumors in human and animals a necessary search of compounds that can be the biomarkers of this disease is needed. The aim of our work was to measure the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in blood plasma and erythrocytes of dogs and cats with mammary tumors and healthy animals for establishment of intercommunication between enzyme's activity and tumors. For researches took away blood at three groups of animals: 1) four healthy females of dogs (Canis familiaris) – the German Shepherd dogs by age 3, 6, 7 and 7; 2) four females of dogs with mammary tumors – the Russian Spaniel dog by age 8, Boxer dog by age 9 and the German Shepherd crossbred dogs by age 11 and 12; 3) four females of cats (Felis catus) with mammary tumors – crossbred cats by age 6, 8 and 10 and the Persian crossbred cat by age 13. Activity of GPx was determined by decrease of reduced glutathione in a presence of hydrogen peroxide for time unit with a count on the gramme of protein in blood plasma, or haemoglobin in erythrocytes. In the sick dogs’ erythrocytes the activity of GPx presents 30.45 ± 3.08 mmol GSH/min×g haemoglobin and it is more than for the healthy animals of 27.84 ± 5.24 mmol GSH/min×g haemoglobin, these differences aren't statistically reliable however. This index is the highest for the sick German Shepherd crossbred dog aged 11 and presents 38.5 mmol GSH/min×g haemoglobin. In sick dogs’ activity of GPx in blood plasma is 7.45 ± 1.60 mmol GSH/min×g protein and it is statistically reliable less than the healthy animals of 12.77 ± 1.18 mmol GSH/min×g protein. This index is the lowest for the the 12 years old sick German Shepherd crossbred dog and it is 3.41 mmol GSH/min×g protein. In sick cats activity of GPx in erythrocytes is 41.57 ± 4.10 mmol GSH/min×g haemoglobin, and the greatest it is in the sick crossbred cat age 10 – 52.52 mmol GSH/min×g haemoglobin. The activity of the enzyme in blood plasma of sick cats is 11.58 ± 1.99 mmol GSH/min×g protein and this index is similar to the healthy dogs. Activity of GPx of the erythrocytes of dogs and blood plasma of cats with mammary tumors did not differ from healthy dogs. The activity of GPx of sick dogs only in blood plasma is less than in healthy ones. It can be the consequence of this “exhaustion” of the enzyme and its involving in the process of neutralizing of active forms of reactive oxygen species in those tissues of organism where oxidizing stress develops. Next to the study of expression on the future it is necessary to pay attention to the study of polymorphism of GPx.

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“…Using 3.5 mg/kg bw to control T. evansi can be considered as underdose, as is often the case, and thus it can help to cure clinical affection, but most of the time the animals will remain carriers of the parasites (Desquesnes et al., ). Finally, in dog treatment, in order to avoid toxic effects but to increase the drug efficacy, serial treatments using 3.5 mg/kg have been attempted (Howes et al., ). ISMC: If the objective is to cure the animal and get rid of the infection, high doses such as 1–2 mg/kg bw should be used; however, success cannot be ascertained and toxicity may limit such practice. In addition, as a slow eliminated drug, ISMC may easily induce resistance, so it is not a drug of choice for the control of Surra.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Trypanosoma evansi infections (including Surra)

More¹,

Bøtner²,

Butterworth³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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Trypanosoma evansi infections (including Surra) have been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on the eligibility of T. evansi infections (including Surra) to be listed, Article 9 for the categorisation of T. evansi infections (including Surra) according to disease prevention and control rules as in Annex IV and Article 8 on the list of animal species related to T. evansi infections (including Surra). The assessment has been performed following a methodology composed of information collection and compilation, expert judgement on each criterion at individual and, if no consensus was reached before, also at collective level. The output is composed of the categorical answer, and for the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported. Details on the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. According to the assessment performed, it is inconclusive whether T. evansi infections (including Surra) can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention as laid down in Article 5(3) of the AHL because there was no full consensus on the criterion 5 A(v). Consequently, the assessment on compliance of T. evansi infections (including Surra) with the criteria as in sections 4 and 5 of Annex IV of the AHL, for the application of the disease prevention and control rules referred to in points (d) and (e) of Article 9(1) is also inconclusive, as well as which animal species can be considered to be listed for T. evansi infections (including Surra) according to Article 8(3) of the AHL. Acknowledgements: The Panel wishes to thank Marc Desquesnes and Philippe B € uscher for the support provided to this scientific output.

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Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Redox Status in Canine Leishmaniasis

Redox Status in Canine Leishmaniasis

Glutathione peroxidase of blood of dogs and cats with mammary tumors

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Trypanosoma evansi infections (including Surra)

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