“…It can consist—and when alleviation is not possible, must consist—of easing the suffering connected to chronic pain by means of simply spending time with the affected person. Listening to and talking with them acknowledges that the chronic pain patient is still being a human who is deserving and worthy of respect, affection, and care (see Frede 2018 : 14). This results in recognizing that chronic pain is not simply another problem that just needs medical-pharmaceutical attention, but also explicit treatment as a social problem, which, as we have shown here, connects with “experiences of exclusion, alienation, rejection, and powerlessness” (Edwards et al 2014 : 371).…”