Legal socialisation in Brazil: examining the generalisability of the procedural justice model

Youth Perceptions of Law Enforcement and Worry About Crime from 1976 to 2016

“…Simultaneously, research suggests that individuals who are afraid of crime report negative perceptions of law enforcement (e.g., Hauser & Kleck, 2017; Trinkner, Rodrigues, et al, 2019). Consequently, if America’s youth are reporting worse perceptions of law enforcement in recent years, it must be established whether this trend is merely indicative of increasing worry about crime.…”

“…When concerns about crime rise, perceptions of law enforcement may fall. That is, when individuals become more afraid of crime in their communities, their trust and confidence in law enforcement—whom they consider deeply responsible for controlling crime and keeping them safe—may decline (Collins, 2016; Trinkner, Rodrigues, et al, 2019). Consequently, perceptions of law enforcement may reflect how much individuals are concerned about crime (Hauser & Kleck, 2017), although the directionality has not been established and findings are mixed (Sindall et al, 2012; Tyler, Jackson, & Mentovich, 2015).…”

Exploring the Availability and Potential of International Data for Criminological Study

“…There are notable developments in using existing longitudinal cohort data or collecting new data to evaluate a variety of criminological topics. For example, Murray et al (2015) utilized the 1993 to examine the childhood predictors of violence in late adolescence, the São Paulo Legal Socialization Study was designed to measure and evaluate the development of attitudes towards the law and police among early adolescents (Medina & Rodrigues, 2019;Trinkner et al 2019), and the Evidence for Better Lives Study is a crosscultural birth cohort study that aims to examine the effects of prenatal exposure to violence on mothers and childhood development (Valdebenito et al, 2020).…”

Factors that Differentiate Preadolescents' Perception-Change of Parental Legitimacy

“…More recently, inquiries into how people acquire beliefs and attitudes about parental authorities have been the focus of multiple studies that command the attention of multidisciplinary scholars worldwide (Darling et al, 2008;Darling et al, 2005;Smetana et al, 2000;Smetana et al, 1991;Thomas et al, 2018;Trinkner, Jackson, & Tyler, 2017). A review of this literature revealed that central to the discourse of PL is legal socialization, generally defined as the process of acquiring dispositions and beliefs about the law, legal authorities, and legal institutions (Piquero et al, 2005;Trinkner et al, 2019), and that PL is often studied within the context of legal socialization .…”

“…According to an earlier study conducted by Tyler (2003), procedural justice is linked with legitimacy as it emerges from the perceived fairness of both the enforced procedures and the outcome. Developmentally, an understanding of procedural justice begins to form in childhood, is shaped during adolescence, and is influenced by interactions with authority figures; this understanding also influences both moral development and delinquent behavior, and has a long-lasting effect (Fagan & Tyler, 2005;Trinkner & Cohn, 2014;Trinkner et al 2019). Thus, it is critical to understand which factors differentiate the rise or decline in PL in preadolescence.…”