Learning dialogue with and without movement

Can child-pedestrians’ hazard perception skills be enhanced?

“…According to Witt (2011), experts perceive properties of objects in their domain of expertise differently from novices (e.g., expert softball players see the ball as bigger than non-expert players), and action ability can be developed and shaped through training. Indeed, we, as well as others, believe that training should progress from action to concept (e.g., Dragutinovic and Twisk, 2006) and is more effective when one needs to physically respond to an event rather than observe it as a bystander (e.g., Noice and Noice, 2001). Aiming to train young-novice drivers and enhance their HP abilities, Meir et al (2013a) used an active-practical training component for many typical hazardous situations, thus enhancing novices' experience in a limited period of time.…”

“…Learning, as many other cognitive functions, is based upon the link between perception and action (e.g., Barsalou, 2008;Noice and Noice, 2001) -"Ago ergo cogito; I act, therefore I think" (Killeen and Glenberg, 2010, p. 70). This line of thinking stems from the ecological theory of perception and holds that the relation between actors and their environment fundamentally shapes the way they perceive the properties of the environment and of objects (Gibson, 1979).…”

Learning from text benefits from enactment

“…The literature on the effect of SPTs on recognition and recollection memory for verbal material is mainly concerned with studies in which the participants deal with lists of words (e.g., Cohen, 1989;Frick-Horbury, 2002) or lists of phrases (e.g., Cohen, 1989;Feyereisen, 2006Feyereisen, , 2009Mangels & Heinberg, 2006;von Essen, 2005); few studies have dealt with memory for a discourse or a dialogue (Noice & Noice, 2001. It is beyond doubt that a text consists of a sequence of sentences, and that a discourse or a dialogue consists, more or less, of a sequence of spoken utterances.…”

Spatial recall improved by retrieval enactment

“…Research has demonstrated that subsequent recall of such sentences is enhanced when the sentences have been enacted at encoding (for a review, see Nilsson, 2000). Noice and Noice (2001) have shown that a similar result occurs if actors learn their lines while moving according to stage directions rather than remaining static, even though their movements bear a less close relation to the text. However, in a particularly relevant study, Kormi-Nouri, Nyberg, and Nilsson (1994) found that there was no further advantage from participants' enacting also at retrieval.…”