Leaching kinetics of lanthanum in sulfuric acid from rare earth element (REE) slag

Kim, Chul-Joo; Yoon, Ho-Sung; Chung, Kyung Woo; Lee, Jin Young; Kim, Sung-Don; Shin, Shun Myung; Lee, Su-Jeong; Joe, Aram; Lee, Se-Il; Yoo, Seung-Joon; Kim, Seung‐Hoon

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2014.04.003

Cited by 73 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Many research organizations are currently evaluating processes to recover rare earths from coal combustion wastes [43][44][45]. Several techniques for extraction and separation of individual REEs from waste coal ash have been summarized including physical [46] and chemical processes [47,48]. These processes generally start with the dissolution of rare earths using acid as the leaching agent, followed by separation of unwanted minerals from the leachate by filtration, and precipitation through solvent extraction, then recovery of REEs/REOs by hydro metallurgy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching Characteristics of Low Concentration Rare Earth Elements in Korean (Samcheok) CFBC Bottom Ash Samples

et al. 2019

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Coal-derived power comprises over 39% of the world’s power production. Therefore, a mass volume of coal combustion byproducts are generated and shifted the extra burden onto the economy and environment. Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) has been found to be a clean and ultimate technology for Korea’s coal-fired power plants to have effective power generation from low-grade imported coal with reduced emissions. Efforts have been made to broaden the utilization of CFBC coal ash, and to promote sustainable development of CFBC technology. Investigations provided numerous evidences for coal ash to be a potential deposit for rare earths reclamation. However, the basic characteristics and the methods of rare earth mining from the CFBC bottom ash lack detailed understanding and are poorly reported. This study highlighted an insight of the CBFC bottom ash with respect to REEs concentration. Moreover, agents were tested as a means for leaching REEs from Samcheok CFBC bottom ash. The leaching tests were performed in relation to variations in concentration, time and temperature. The results were applied to identify suitable processes to leach REEs from the ash and clarify the potential valuation of CFBC bottom ash. The leaching conditions attained by ANOVA analysis for hydrochloric concentration, temperature, and time of 2 mol L−1, 80 °C, and 12 h, were found to provide a maximum extraction of yttrium, neodymium and dysprosium of 62.1%, 55.5% and 65.2%, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching Characteristics of Low Concentration Rare Earth Elements in Korean (Samcheok) CFBC Bottom Ash Samples

et al. 2019

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“…36 The shrinking core models are normally represented to be the diffusion, chemical, and mixed control models. 37 One of these steps can control the leaching process. Considering that the leaching efficiency may be controlled by diffusion through the REO x F and REF 3 layer remaining in the ore surface, the kinetic equation can be showed as followswhere x represents the extraction efficiency of rare-earth elements, t represents leaching time (min), and k 1 represents the rate constant.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Particle Size Refinement on the Leaching Behavior of Mixed Rare-Earth Concentrate Using Hydrochloric Acid

Ruan

Gao

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

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The effects of particle size, temperature, and leaching time on the leaching behavior of rare-earth elements were studied. The leaching efficiency of the rare earth reached 39.24% under leaching conditions of hydrochloric acid concentration of 8.00 mol/L, particle size 95% distributed below 1.5 μm, leaching time of 120 min, and temperature of 90 °C. According to the scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the residue, the mechanism of the leaching process was also investigated. Actually, the phase of REFCO 3 transformed into that of RECl 3 and REF 3 but there was an existing intermediate transition, where the phase of REFCO 3 on reacting with hydrochloric acid generated that of REO x F 3–2 x and this process also released RE 3+ into the solution. REO x F 3–2 x continued reacting with hydrochloric acid to release a lot of F – , which on combining with RE 3+ formed REF 3 precipitation. The leaching kinetics of rare earths follows a shrinking core model that can be expressed as 1 – 3(1 – x ) 2/3 + 2(1 – x ) = k 1 t . The activation energies are 62.1, 54.8, 35.1, and 34.9 kJ/mol, respectively.

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“…5 that increasing liquid/solid ratio is favorable for the dissolution of calcinate. An increase in the ratio of liquid is expected to reduce the viscosity of reactants for facilitating well mixing and contributing to the reduction of mass transfer resistance in diffusion [25]. Additionally, the variation of the dissolution rate is not significant, as the liquid/solid ratio is more than 6 mL/g.…”

Section: Effect Of Liquid/solid Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(9), and the kinetics equation may be expressed as Eq. (10) when the practical leaching process is controlled by diffusion through the ash or product layer [25,28].…”

Section: Leaching Models Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching kinetics of calcification roasting calcinate from multimetallic sulfide copper concentrate containing high content of lead and iron

Liao

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2015

Separation and Purification Technology

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Leaching kinetics of lanthanum in sulfuric acid from rare earth element (REE) slag

Cited by 73 publications

References 21 publications

Leaching Characteristics of Low Concentration Rare Earth Elements in Korean (Samcheok) CFBC Bottom Ash Samples

Leaching Characteristics of Low Concentration Rare Earth Elements in Korean (Samcheok) CFBC Bottom Ash Samples

Effect of Particle Size Refinement on the Leaching Behavior of Mixed Rare-Earth Concentrate Using Hydrochloric Acid

Leaching kinetics of calcification roasting calcinate from multimetallic sulfide copper concentrate containing high content of lead and iron

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