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Palladium–nickel (Pd–Ni) bimetallic nano-catalysts supported on activated carbon (Pd–Ni/AC) have been successfully prepared by impregnation method enhanced with ultrasonic. The prepared Pd–Ni/AC catalysts were used for the catalytic hydrodechlorination reaction of bleached shellac and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that Pd–Ni bimetallic structures in catalytic particles with the diameter of 4 and 14 nm were distributed uniformly on AC support, and the lattice fringe spacing in catalytic particles was measured as 0.213 nm which is lying in the region between monometallic Pd (111; 0.225 nm) and Ni (111; 0.203 nm), and that Pd1–Ni1/AC catalyst exhibits the best catalytic hydrodechlorination performance with the dechlorination efficiency of 92.58 wt% while it is used for the hydrodechlorination of bleached shellac, and the optimum catalytic performance is related to the synergistic electronic effect and bimetallic structure of the Pd1–Ni1/AC sample.

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Iron, copper and zinc were separated and recycled from dumped copper slag using a carbothermic method in the presence of microwave irradiation. Iron in the form of fayalite and magnetite in the slag was reduced to metal iron while zinc was evaporated and captured as zinc oxide powder. Results indicated that metallization rate of iron could reach 91.38~93.45 wt% and zinc recovery efficiency was 90.5 wt% when the new methodology was employed, and that reaction temperature was 100°C lower compared to that of traditional processes, reaction time of the new process was decreased by 90 min.

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