Latest Findings of the Regenerative Materials Application in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Surgery: A Scoping Review

Gallo, Simone; Pascadopoli, Maurizio; Pellegrini, Matteo; Pulicari, Federica; Manfredini, Mattia; Zampetti, Paolo; Spadari, F.; Maiorana, Carlo; Scribante, Andrea

doi:10.3390/bioengineering9100594

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The optimum pain perception of patients could be attained after active periodontal treatment. Additionally, other therapies such as ozone [ 35 ], laser photodynamic therapy [ 36 ], and regenerative materials [ 37 ] could have a significant influence on the oral environment. These therapies could modify clinical and microbiological parameters in periodontal patients and could have an effect on pain assessment in combination with SRP therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Assessment and Need for Analgesics after Scaling and Root Planing in Patients with Stage II and Stage III Periodontitis

et al. 2023

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Background and Objectives: The most common treatment procedure for periodontitis and gingivitis is scaling and root planing, which is perceived as a painful dental treatment. The current study aimed to assess pain perception and analgesics consumption after scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with stage II and stage III periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Before starting the SRP, all the periodontal parameters, such as probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL), were measured. The anxiety level of the patients was also assessed using the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) questionnaire. Pain perception of the patients was recorded with the visual analog scale (VAS) after performing the SRP. Patients were asked to mark their pain level on the VAS sheet after two hours, four hours, eight hours, 24 h, and 48 h after the periodontal treatment. The following cut-off points were used for the pain intensity in the VAS: 0 = no pain, 1–4 = mild pain, 4–6 = moderate pain, and 7–10 = severe pain. Patients were advised to take analgesics if the pain was intolerable. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to conduct the association of all dependent variables and the pain perception of patients. A nonparametric Friedman test was conducted to assess pain perception at different times. Results: A total of 52 patients including 32 males and 20 females participated in the current study, with a mean age of 43.10 ± 12.33 years. Multivariate analyses showed that MDAS and analgesic consumption is significantly associated with pain perception. Other clinical variables are not associated with pain perception. The Friedman test exhibited that pain perception is significantly associated (p < 0.05) with time. Conclusions: Analgesic consumption and anxiety level are significantly associated with pain perception after SRP treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Assessment and Need for Analgesics after Scaling and Root Planing in Patients with Stage II and Stage III Periodontitis

et al. 2023

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“…Thirdly, soft tissue flaps tend to return to their original position due to viscoelastic properties, muscle pulls, and postoperative swelling (Burkhardt & Lang, 2010 ). Finally, biomaterials are typically mobile unless fixation methods are employed, which can lead to soft tissue invagination and decreased opportunity for consolidation and maturation (Gallo et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Postoperative Wound Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual review on reconstructive peri‐implantitis therapy: Challenges and opportunities

Chan,

Rodriguez Betancourt,

Liu

et al. 2023

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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ObjectivesThe current strategies to reconstruct lost peri‐implant tissues due to the disease have been largely unpredictable. The aim of this conceptual review is to discuss relevant biological and biomechanical challenges of applying reconstructive means to treat peri‐implantitis. Additionally, opportunities to improve treatment predictability are presented.Material and MethodsA narrative review was conducted to fulfill the aim.ResultsThe four interrelated negative conditions hampering effective reconstruction are: inferior tissue perfusion, unfavorable bone topography, ineffective surface treatment, and unstable wound. First, peri‐implant tissues resemble scars with reduced cellularity and vascularity, coupled with the absence of the periodontal ligament plexuses and the avascular implant and biomaterials, maintaining primary closure is a challenge, which is critical for regeneration. Second, defect morphology and bone topography surrounding implants determine the reconstructive potential. Unfortunately, noncontained defects are frequently encountered, with a combination of suprabony (horizontal bone loss) and infrabony (vertical usually involving circumferential bone loss) defects. Third, current attempts for implant surface decontamination are insufficient due to inaccessible macrostructure and rough surfaces in the micro‐scale. Histologic evaluation has shown bacteria aggregation and calcified deposits around implants. Lastly, wound stability is difficult to achieve due to inherent soft tissue biomechanical quality and quantity deficiencies and mobile bone particulates. Opportunities to tackle the abovementioned challenges include the use of novel imaging technologies, such as high‐frequency dental ultrasound and laser speckle imaging to evaluate tissue perfusion, soft tissue quality/quantity, and bone topography pre‐surgically. The use of the operating microscope could allow better visualization and removal of etiologic factors. Strategies to improve soft tissue quality may include preoperative control of soft tissue inflammation and the potential use of biologics. Methods such as fixation to stabilize the biomaterials could be beneficial.ConclusionsA more nuanced understanding of the current challenges and opportunities can lead to more effective preoperative and postoperative care protocols, ultimately improving the success rate of reconstructive procedures.

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“…Bone grafts, membranes, and biological materials have been tested for their regenerative characteristics for intrabony defect treatment, as well as furcation defects, periimplantitis sites, alveolar ridge preservation, and implant site development [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-Digital Customized Meshes in Guided Bone Regeneration Procedures: A Scoping Review

Scribante,

Ghizzoni,

Pellegrini

et al. 2023

Prosthesis

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Meshes, especially titanium ones, are being widely applied in oral surgery. In guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures, their use is often paired with membranes, being resorbable or non-resorbable. However, they present some limitations, such as difficulty in the treatment of severe bone defects, alongside frequent mesh exposure. Customized meshes, produced by a full-digital process, have been recently introduced in GBR procedures. Therefore, the focus of the present review is to describe the main findings in recent years of clinical trials regarding patient-specific mesh produced by CAD/CAM and 3D printing workflow, made in titanium or even PEEK, applied to GBR surgeries. The purpose is to analyze their clinical management, advantages, and complications. This scoping review considered randomized clinical trials, observational studies, cohort studies, and case series/case reports studies. Studies that did not meet inclusion criteria were excluded. The preferred reporting items for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) consensus was followed. A total of 15 studies were selected for this review. Based on the studies included, the literature suggests that meshes produced by a digital process are used to restore complex and severe bone defects. Moreover, they give satisfactory aesthetic results and fit the defects, counteracting grid exposure. However, more clinical trials should be conducted to evaluate long-term results, the rate of complications, and new materials for mesh manufacturing.

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Latest Findings of the Regenerative Materials Application in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Surgery: A Scoping Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 77 publications

Pain Assessment and Need for Analgesics after Scaling and Root Planing in Patients with Stage II and Stage III Periodontitis

Pain Assessment and Need for Analgesics after Scaling and Root Planing in Patients with Stage II and Stage III Periodontitis

A conceptual review on reconstructive peri‐implantitis therapy: Challenges and opportunities

Full-Digital Customized Meshes in Guided Bone Regeneration Procedures: A Scoping Review

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