Late presentation of HIV disease and its associated factors among newly diagnosed patients before and after abolition of a government policy of mass mandatory screening

Choe, Pyoeng Gyun; Song, Jin Su; Kim, Nak-Hyun; Park, Jin Yong; Song, Kyoung-Ho; Kim, Hong Bin; Kim, Nam Joong; Oh, Myoung Don

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2011.05.002

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The median values of HIV RNA titers at diagnosis and HAART initiation were 39,436 copies/mL and 83,500 copies/mL, respectively. Overall, the proportion of patients presenting with advanced HIV disease was 34.4% (467/1,356) and increased gradually to the 2010-2012 period, which was consistent with the results of previous studies [567]. This study had an advantage in that CD4+ cell counts at the time of HAART initiation were analyzed, which had not been investigated before.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

“…There have been a number of studies that revealed the proportion of persons with late presentation among individuals with newly diagnosed HIV infection in Korea [567]. In one study, the proportion of persons presenting with advanced HIV disease increased from 31% in 1987-1998 to 43% in 1999-2008 [5]. In another study conducted from 2000 to 2007, the proportion was 37.3% (858/2,299) [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study conducted from 2000 to 2007, the proportion was 37.3% (858/2,299) [7]. The risk factors for presentation with advanced HIV disease have been investigated in several studies and included old age, testing at hospital compared to testing at public health center, testing due to clinical manifestations compared to health check-ups, male sex, infection by heterosexual contact compared to a homosexual contact, and diagnosis after 1999 compared to before 1998 [567]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trend in CD4+ Cell Counts at Diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Persons in Korea

Kim

2017

Infect Chemother

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confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trend in CD4+ Cell Counts at Diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Persons in Korea

Kim

2017

Infect Chemother

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“…Since AIDS Prevention Law was enacted in 1987, mandatory screening for HIV infection was extended to all CSWs, overseas sailors, and people working in "hygiene related jobs" requiring health certificates, such as restaurants, coffee shops, barbershops, bars, and hotels. As a result, a sharp increase in the number of cases was detected among overseas sailors, who were responsible for 34% of people diagnosed with HIV infection until the mandatory screening test for this group ended in 1993 (9-11). HIV infection was also detected among their wives and other female sex partners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution among HIV-Infected Women in Korea

et al. 2014

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The epidemiology on human papillomavirus (HPV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women in Korea is not well established. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection among HIV-infected women in Korea. HPV DNA genotype and cervical cytology were examined in 60 HIV-positive women and 1,938 HIV-negative women. HPV genotypes were analyzed by using a HPV DNA chip. HIV-infected women had higher prevalence of high-risk HPV (hr-HPV) infection (30% vs 4.9%, adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 6.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.63-13.34, P<0.001) and abnormal cervical cytology (18.3% vs 1.8%, AOR, 10.94; 95% CI, 5.18-23.1, P<0.001) compared with controls. The most common hr-HPV genotype detected in HIV-infected women was HPV 16 (10%), followed by 18 (6.7%) and 52 (5%). Prevalence of quadrivalent vaccine-preventable types (HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18) was 21.7% and 2.3% in HIV-positive women and HIV-negative women, respectively. Age was a significant risk factor for hr-HPV infection in HIV-infected women (P=0.039). The presence of hr-HPV was significantly associated with abnormal cervical cytology (P<0.001). These findings suggest that HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in HIV-infected women would be necessary, particularly among young age group.

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“…The rate of HIV infection is constantly increasing, with 888 new infections being reported in 2011 [2]. A recent study showed that delayed diagnosis of HIV and late presentation were major risk factors of early death in Korea [3], and 41% of the newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals presented with advanced HIV disease [4]. Early diagnosis of HIV infection reduces morbidity and mortality and minimizes potential transmission of HIV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of the HIV Seroconversion Window Period and False Positive Rate by Using ADVIA Centaur HIV Antigen/Antibody Combo Assay

2013

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BackgroundEarly diagnosis of HIV infection reduces morbidity and mortality. Fourth-generation HIV detection assays are more sensitive because they can detect p24 antigen as well as anti-HIV antibodies. In this study, we evaluated the performance of a new fourth-generation ADVIA Centaur HIV antigen/antibody combo (CHIV) assay (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., USA) for early detection of HIV infection and reduction of false positive rate.MethodsFour seroconversion panels were included. The third-generation ADVIA Centaur HIV 1/O/2 enhanced (EHIV) assay (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., USA) and fourth-generation CHIV assay were used to test each panel for HIV infection. The presence of antigen was confirmed using HIV p24 antigen assay. To evaluate false-positivity and specificity, 54 HIV false-positive and HIV-negative serum samples from 100 hospitalized patients and 600 healthy subjects were included.ResultsCompared to the EHIV assay, the CHIV assay had a shorter window for three of the seroconversion panels: a difference of 10 days and two bleeds in one panel, and 4 days and one bleed in the other two panels. Only 34 of the 54 (63%) samples known to yield false-positive results by EHIV assay had repeatedly yielded reactive results in the CHIV assay. One of the 600 healthy subjects had a false-positive result with the CHIV assay; thus, the specificity was 99.85% (699/700). CHIV accurately determined the reactive results for the HIV-confirmed serum samples from known HIV patients and Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA) panels.ConclusionsThe new fourth-generation ADVIA Centaur HIV assay is a sensitive and specific assay that shortens the serological window period and allows early diagnosis of HIV infection.

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Late presentation of HIV disease and its associated factors among newly diagnosed patients before and after abolition of a government policy of mass mandatory screening

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Trend in CD4+ Cell Counts at Diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Persons in Korea

Trend in CD4+ Cell Counts at Diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Persons in Korea

Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution among HIV-Infected Women in Korea

Reduction of the HIV Seroconversion Window Period and False Positive Rate by Using ADVIA Centaur HIV Antigen/Antibody Combo Assay

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