Laser versus scalpel cleaning of crustose lichens on granite

Rivas, T.; Pozo-António, J.S.; Silanes, M.E. López de; Ramil, A.; López, Ángela Atienza

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.167

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Laser cleaning can also be combined with other methods of control. According to Rivas et al [ 108 ], mechanical weakening of the lichen by scalpel, followed by brushing, made cleaning easier with the Nd:YVO4 laser working at 355 nm. Additionally, the combination of laser and mechanical cleaning satisfactorily removed the darker lichen Pertusaria amara compared to the lighter Pertusaria pseudocorallina .…”

Section: Combination Of Control Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Control of Cultural Heritage Microbial Deterioration

2020

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The microbial deterioration of cultural heritage includes physical and chemical damage as well as aesthetic alteration. With the technological advancement, a plethora of techniques for removing unwanted microorganisms have opened up new opportunities for microbiologists and conservators. This article reviews the most applied, up-to-date, and sustainable techniques developed for the control of cultural heritage microbial deterioration presenting noteworthy case studies. These techniques include chemical methods, i.e., traditional biocides and nanoparticles; physical methods, such as mechanical removal, UV irradiation, gamma radiation, laser cleaning, heat shocking, microwaves, and dry ice treatment; and biological methods, such as natural molecules with biocidal activity, enzymes, and microorganisms. The application of control systems requires the comprehension of their behavior toward the unwanted microorganisms and possible interactions with the heritage materials. This overview shows also the control methods drawbacks for the purpose of creating awareness in selecting the most suitable technique or combination of techniques.

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Section: Combination Of Control Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Control of Cultural Heritage Microbial Deterioration

2020

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“…The construction of the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) began in 1098 [140]; new pilgrimage routes were opened, and the mendicant orders of Dominicans and Franciscans were born. For example, just in the city of Segovia (Spain), more than 20 Romanesque churches were built between 1180 and 1250.…”

Section: High Middle Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Forerunners on Heritage Stones Investigation: Historical Synthesis and Evolution

Freire-Lista

2021

Heritage

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Human activity has required, since its origins, stones as raw material for carving, construction and rock art. The study, exploration, use and maintenance of building stones is a global phenomenon that has evolved from the first shelters, manufacture of lithic tools, to the construction of houses, infrastructures and monuments. Druids, philosophers, clergymen, quarrymen, master builders, naturalists, travelers, architects, archaeologists, physicists, chemists, curators, restorers, museologists, engineers and geologists, among other professionals, have worked with stones and they have produced the current knowledge in heritage stones. They are stones that have special significance in human culture. In this way, the connotation of heritage in stones has been acquired over the time. That is, the stones at the time of their historical use were simply stones used for a certain purpose. Therefore, the concept of heritage stone is broad, with cultural, historic, artistic, architectural, and scientific implications. A historical synthesis is presented of the main events that marked the use of stones from prehistory, through ancient history, medieval times, and to the modern period. In addition, the main authors who have written about stones are surveyed from Ancient Roman times to the middle of the twentieth century. Subtle properties of stones have been discovered and exploited by artists and artisans long before rigorous science took notice of them and explained them.

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“…Removal by (pressurized) water and brushing may be effective in the case of superficial, subaerial biofilms (Sanmartín et al 2020), but in other situations they may spread microbial structures, pushing them deeper within the substrate (Pinna 2017). Valuable protocols for the physical removal of lithobionts by laser ablation have been drawn up in the last decade (Sanz et al 2017), but even the combination of scalpel and laser may sometimes fail to eliminate lithobiontic structures within fissures (Rivas et al 2018). Similarly, some laser ablation can cause damage to the mineral surface whilst not completely removing the lichens (Pozo-Antonio et al 2019).…”

Section: Direct and Indirect Strategies To Control Lithobiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%