A review of the nature, role and control of lithobionts on stone cultural heritage: weighing-up and managing biodeterioration and bioprotection

Favero‐Longo, Sergio E.; Viles, Heather

doi:10.1007/s11274-020-02878-3

Cited by 64 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…The contribution to soil formation may be facilitated by the nitrogen fixation of lichens with a cyanobacterial symbiont [29][30][31]. As a contrast, the lichen weathering of historic monuments has been viewed as a disbenefit, although some dispute exists as to whether lichen colonisation is offset by thermal insulation and impermeability, thus providing protection of stone [97].…”

Section: Supporting: Biogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Traits in Lichen Ecology: A Review of Challenge and Opportunity

et al. 2021

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Community ecology has experienced a major transition, from a focus on patterns in taxonomic composition, to revealing the processes underlying community assembly through the analysis of species functional traits. The power of the functional trait approach is its generality, predictive capacity such as with respect to environmental change, and, through linkage of response and effect traits, the synthesis of community assembly with ecosystem function and services. Lichens are a potentially rich source of information about how traits govern community structure and function, thereby creating opportunity to better integrate lichens into ‘mainstream’ ecological studies, while lichen ecology and conservation can also benefit from using the trait approach as an investigative tool. This paper brings together a range of author perspectives to review the use of traits in lichenology, particularly with respect to European ecosystems from the Mediterranean to the Arctic-Alpine. It emphasizes the types of traits that lichenologists have used in their studies, both response and effect, the bundling of traits towards the evolution of life-history strategies, and the critical importance of scale (both spatial and temporal) in functional trait ecology.

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Section: Supporting: Biogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Traits in Lichen Ecology: A Review of Challenge and Opportunity

et al. 2021

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“…There have been few studies on the colonization of the newly produced material by environmental microorganisms, although a recent article reviews the methodologies employed to assess the durability of cultural heritage stone surfaces in response to microbial colonization [92]. Recolonization after the use of non-biological consolidants on marble, sandstone and plaster in the archeological site of Fiesole, Italy, was shown to depend mainly on the bioreceptivity of the substrate and the climatic conditions [93].…”

Section: Biodeterioration Testing and Colonization Of Biocalcitementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioconservation of Historic Stone Buildings—An Updated Review

Ortega-Morales

Gaylarde

2021

Applied Sciences

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Cultural heritage buildings of stone construction require careful restorative actions to maintain them as close to the original condition as possible. This includes consolidation and cleaning of the structure. Traditional consolidants may have poor performance due to structural drawbacks such as low adhesion, poor penetration and flexibility. The requirement for organic consolidants to be dissolved in volatile organic compounds may pose environmental and human health risks. Traditional conservation treatments can be replaced by more environmentally acceptable, biologically-based, measures, including bioconsolidation using whole bacterial cells or cell biomolecules; the latter include plant or microbial biopolymers and bacterial cell walls. Biocleaning can employ microorganisms or their extracted enzymes to remove inorganic and organic surface deposits such as sulfate crusts, animal glues, biofilms and felt tip marker graffiti. This review seeks to provide updated information on the innovative bioconservation treatments that have been or are being developed.

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“…Such bioprotection would have the additional advantage of being more compatible with the preservation of heritage surfaces in comparison to traditional protective coatings. More and more studies in recent conservation literature have investigated the role of biofilms on heritage surfaces, taking into account both biodeterioration and bioprotection processes [ 118 , 119 ]. Thus, in the near future, it will be vital to have techniques and protocols to clearly understand when we are dealing with biodeterioration, a mere aesthetic alteration, or bioprotection.…”

Section: Implications and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Control of Cultural Heritage Microbial Deterioration

2020

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The microbial deterioration of cultural heritage includes physical and chemical damage as well as aesthetic alteration. With the technological advancement, a plethora of techniques for removing unwanted microorganisms have opened up new opportunities for microbiologists and conservators. This article reviews the most applied, up-to-date, and sustainable techniques developed for the control of cultural heritage microbial deterioration presenting noteworthy case studies. These techniques include chemical methods, i.e., traditional biocides and nanoparticles; physical methods, such as mechanical removal, UV irradiation, gamma radiation, laser cleaning, heat shocking, microwaves, and dry ice treatment; and biological methods, such as natural molecules with biocidal activity, enzymes, and microorganisms. The application of control systems requires the comprehension of their behavior toward the unwanted microorganisms and possible interactions with the heritage materials. This overview shows also the control methods drawbacks for the purpose of creating awareness in selecting the most suitable technique or combination of techniques.

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A review of the nature, role and control of lithobionts on stone cultural heritage: weighing-up and managing biodeterioration and bioprotection

Cited by 64 publications

References 164 publications

Functional Traits in Lichen Ecology: A Review of Challenge and Opportunity

Functional Traits in Lichen Ecology: A Review of Challenge and Opportunity

Bioconservation of Historic Stone Buildings—An Updated Review

The Control of Cultural Heritage Microbial Deterioration

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