Laser-Induced Synthesis of Composite Materials Based on Iridium, Gold and Platinum for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing

Abstract

A simple approach for in situ laser-induced modification of iridium-based materials to increase their electrocatalytic activity towards enzyme-free glucose sensing was proposed. For this purpose, we deposited gold and platinum separately and as a mixture on the surface of pre-synthesized iridium microstructures upon laser irradiation at a wavelength of 532 nm. Then, we carried out the comparative investigation of their morphology, elemental and phase composition as well as their electrochemical properties. The best morphology and, as a result, the highest sensitivity (~9960 µA/mM cm2) with respect to non-enzymatic determination of D-glucose were demonstrated by iridium-gold-platinum microstructures also showing low limit of detection (~0.12 µM), a wide linear range (0.5 µM–1 mM) along with good selectivity, reproducibility and stability.

Direct Laser Writing of Copper Micropatterns from Deep Eutectic Solvents Using Pulsed near-IR Radiation

“…This effect can be explained not only by the surface topology modification [ 46 , 47 ], but also by the enhanced absorption of laser radiation by the residual species, which led to more efficient heating and to the reduction of copper ions in the eutectic solvent. This assumption lies in agreement with the considerable widening of the structure, despite the increase in scanning speed ( Figure 2 a,b), and confirms that the main driving force of the process is thermal reduction [ 25 ], in contrast with photoinitiated deposition, using photodegradable precursors [ 51 , 52 ].…”

“…This method allows one to produce patterns without photomasks, out of cheap, commercially available reagents [ 17 ]. The further development of this approach has led to significant expansion of the list of materials available for space-selective deposition, including Cu, Pd, Ni, Ag, Ru, Ir, and Pt [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The deposition process works on both semiconductor and dielectric substrates, which are widely used for photonic (including metamaterials), electronic, optoelectronic, and sensoric applications [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Copper and Nickel Microsensors Produced by Selective Laser Reductive Sintering for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Detection

“…Indeed, the enzyme-free sensors allows for avoiding the problems in biosensorics caused by the utilization of enzymes (instability in aggressive environments, high cost and the need to immobilize enzymes on some carriers) [ 14 ]. The variety of materials can be applied for non-enzymatic sensing [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In this paper, we discuss sensors based on metals and their alloys and/or composites that have deserved a great interest in this scientific field.…”

High rate fabrication of copper and copper–gold electrodes by laser-induced selective electroless plating for enzyme-free glucose sensing

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In addition, it is possible to increase the surface area of these electrodes by modifying them with catalytically active nanostructures based on biocompatible metals such as gold, platinum, iridium etc., which considerably improves their electrochemical characteristics (sensitivity, selectivity and stability). [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] There is a signicant number of modern methods that can be applied for the purposes mentioned above: inkjet printing, 24 screen printing, 25 roll-to-roll printing (R2R), 26 chemical vapour deposition (CVD), 27 photoelectrochemical methods 28,29 etc. Among them, the techniques based on laser technologies are of the greatest interest.…”