Laser induced hierarchical calcium phosphate structures

A multi-textured calcium phosphate coating for hard tissue via laser surface engineering

“…The detailed discussion on evolution, distribution, and chemical nature of these multiple phases/precipitates is presented elsewhere. 4 The presence of such a multiphase and multi-scale coating can be benefi cial for better osseoconductivity and for development of the chemistry in a physiological environment that is biocompatible for tissue growth. Figure 2 shows the morphology of the laser-coated surface after immersion in SBF for 14 days.…”

“…Furthermore, XRD analysis predicted the presence of CaO, α-TCP (tri calcium phosphate), CaTiO 3 , and TiO 2 , along with a titanium phase in the coating. 4 The star-like structures are about 1 µm in average size whereas the cellular structures ranged in diameter from 2.5 µm to 10 µm. The evolution of a multiple number of such phases is highly likely to happen during laser processing due to prevailing near-non-equilibrium or non-equilibrium thermodynamic conditions.…”

Crack Propagation Resistance of α-Al2O3 Reinforced Pulsed Laser-Deposited Hydroxyapatite Coating on 316 Stainless Steel

“…Paital et al have reported that the hardness and elastic modulus of a HA coating deposited by laser induction was 4.5 GPa and 145 GPa, respectively. 29 In addition, Kurella et al and Paital et al 29,30 have reported the synthesis of HA films by laser-induced direct melting of the Ca-P precursor. In other works, crystallinity (and other properties) of HA film deposited on Ti by PLD was controllable by the adjustment of the deposition parameters.…”

Three-dimensional bioactive glass implants fabricated by rapid prototyping based on CO2 laser cladding

“…The laser cladding technique with powder feeding is a process increasingly investigated in the biomaterials field for production of two-dimensional (2-D) calcium phosphate and bioactive glass coatings [35][36][37][38][39][40]; even for processing 3-D calcium phosphate parts [41]. The aim of this work was to develop a rapid prototyping method based on the laser cladding technique to create large bioactive glass monoliths of net shape, without a mould.…”