Large-Bowel Cancer in Hawaiian Japanese2

Taurocholic acid metabolism by gut microbes and colon cancer

“…64 However, as Japanese immigrated to Hawaii and began consuming a 'Western diet', colon cancer rates rose midway between Japanese and American populations within two generations. 64,65 Another population that received particular attention were the Seventh Day Adventists, who consume a vegetarian diet and have significantly lower incidence of CRC relative to age-matched and socioeconomically similar cohorts in the American population who consume a Western diet. 66 Wynder et al (1967) first proposed an association between dietary fat and CRC, 67 and further proposed that dietary fat influences the fecal microbiota in a way that promotes CRC.…”

Meat consumption and cancer of the large bowel

“…Table 1 contains 30 case -control studies that had at least 99 cases and reported on meat intake (Benito et al, 1990;Bidoli et al, 1992;Centonze et al, 1994;Dales et al, 1979;Gerhardsson et al, 1991;Graham et al, 1978;Haenszel et al, 1973Haenszel et al, , 1980Hu et al, 1991;Iscovich et al, 1992;Kampman et al, 1995Kampman et al, , 1999Kato et al, 1990;Kune et al, 1987; La Vecchia (1992) 248 Italy Yes I R þ beef & pork; C-ve Centonze et al (1994) 118 Italy Yes H NS Dales et al (1979) 99 US Blacks -I N S Gerhardsson et al (1991) 559 Sweden Yes H C and R þ meats Graham et al (1978)) 586 USA (NY) -I N S Haenszel et al (1973) 179 Japanese in Hawaii -L CRC þ meat Heanszel et al (1980) 588 Japan --NS Hu et al (1991) 336 China Yes -NS Iscovich et al (1992) 110 Argentina Yes H NS Kampman et al (1995) 312 Netherlands Yes H NS Kampman et al (1999) 1542 USA Multicentre --NS Kato et al (1990) 221 Japan -I N S Kune et al (1987) 715 Australia Yes -C þ beef men, not women R þ lamb women, not men La Vecchia et al (1988) 575 N. Italy Yes -RR 2.0 CRC for meat but 3.0 for pasta þ rice La Vecchia et al (1996) 1326 N. Itlay -H CRC þ (1.6) for red meat Lee et al (1989) 203 Singapore Yes H NS Lyon et al (1988) 246 Utah, USA Yes -NS Macquart-Moulin et al (1986) 399 France Yes I NS Manousos et al (1983) 100 Greece Yes -CRC þ beef and lamb Miller et al (1983) 542 Canada Yes -R þ beef (?) Muscat et al (1994) 511 USA --NS Peters et al (1989) 146 Los Angeles, USA Yes -NS Peters et al (1992) 746 Los Angeles, USA Yes H NS Steinmetz et al (1993)…”

Colorectal cancer and beer drinking

“…PREVIOus epidemiological studies of bowel cancer (colonic and rectal cancer) have revealed several possible risk factors including obesity (Wynder and Shigematsu, 1967), constipation (Pernu, 1960;Higginson, 1966;Wynder and Shigematsu, 1967;Haenzel et al, 1973), use of laxatives (Boyd and Doll, 1954;Higginson, 1966;Wynder and Shigematsu, 1967), beer drinking (Wynder and Shigematsu, 1967; Stocks, 1957;Bjelke, 1974b), meat consumption (Haenszel et al, 1973;Rjelke, 1974a; Phillips, 1975), low fibre consumption (Modan et al, 1975), and other dietary factors (Wynder et al, 1969;Bjelke 1971Bjelke , 1973Haenzel et al, 1973), as well as race (Wynder et al, 1969;Haenszel et at., 1973) and geography (Wynder et al, 1969;Bjelke, 1971Bjelke, , 1973Haenszel et al, 1973). This entire subject has been exhaustively reviewed elsewhere by Bjelke (1974c), with additional contributions by Gori (1975) and Enstrom (1975a).…”