Large-area nanoengineering of graphene corrugations for visible-frequency graphene plasmons

Dobrik, Gergely; Nemes-Incze, Péter; Majérus, Bruno; Süle, P.; Vancsó, Péter; Piszter, Gábor; Menyhárd, M.; Kalas, Benjámin; Petrik, P.; Henrard, Luc; Tapasztó, Levente

doi:10.1038/s41565-021-01007-x

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A small number of samples available for characterization and its relative instability make signals from most interface probes difficult to analyze. [ 7 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A small number of samples available for characterization and its relative instability make signals from most interface probes difficult to analyze. [7] Techniques based on synchrotron radiation (SR) are expected to realize in situ real-time observation during the graphene growth process to understand the structural property. [8] The adjustable energy range allows them to selectively probe the interface at different depths.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exploring Interfaces Through Synchrotron Radiation Characterization Techniques: A Graphene Case

Ding

Shi

Zeng

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Recently, many breakthroughs have been made in graphene research, allowing scientists to explore and understand the material world from a two‐dimensional (2D) perspective. The interface issue of graphene is the most important, because all of its atoms are exposed to the interface for this atomically thin material. The 2D nature necessitates a sensitive and non‐destructive interface probe to detect the structure and properties. Synchrotron radiation (SR) characterization techniques, with the ultra‐high resolution and extremely wide energy range, have been utilized with increasing frequency to explore the challenging interface sciences. In this review, these interface characterization techniques based on SR and how they monitor the structure evolution of graphene in different interfaces such as graphene–substrate and graphene–graphene interface are first introduced. Graphene's layer number, interlayer spacing, and stacking order are governed by these interfaces, determining the final properties. Then, the property detection and modulation in different interfaces of graphene are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges and outlook on the future development for SR techniques to characterize graphene interface are presented.

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“…A small number of samples available for characterization and its relative instability make signals from most interface probes difficult to analyze. [ 7 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Interfaces Through Synchrotron Radiation Characterization Techniques: A Graphene Case

Ding

Shi

Zeng

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…This electronic configuration results in a stiffness of carbon skeletons ranging from small molecules such as benzene over to one or two-dimensional structures such as linear acenes or coronene to graphene. Thus, those structures are comparably resistant to geometric distortions, which actually may be desirable, as distortion has profound effects on the optoelectronic − and chemical properties − of various materials. Bonding on metal surfaces is expected to soften the carbon backbone through hybridization, thereby allowing for bonds, e.g., with functional groups, to induce geometric distortions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Large Distortion of Fused Aromatics on Dielectric Interlayers Quantified by Photoemission Orbital Tomography

et al. 2022

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Polycyclic aromatic compounds with fused benzene rings offer an extraordinary versatility as nextgeneration organic semiconducting materials for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics due to their tunable characteristics, including charge-carrier mobility and optical absorption. Nonplanarity can be an additional parameter to customize their electronic and optical properties without changing the aromatic core. In this work, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study in which we directly observe large, geometry-induced modifications in the frontier orbitals of a prototypical dye molecule when adsorbed on an atomically thin dielectric interlayer on a metallic substrate. Experimentally, we employ angle-resolved photoemission experiments, interpreted in the framework of the photoemission orbital tomography technique. We demonstrate its sensitivity to detect geometrical bends in adsorbed molecules and highlight the role of the photon energy used in experiment for detecting such geometrical distortions. Theoretically, we conduct density functional calculations to determine the geometric and electronic structure of the adsorbed molecule and simulate the photoemission angular distribution patterns. While we found an overall good agreement between experimental and theoretical data, our results also unveil limitations in current van der Waals corrected density functional approaches for such organic/dielectric interfaces. Hence, photoemission orbital tomography provides a vital experimental benchmark for such systems. By comparison with the state of the same molecule on a metallic substrate, we also offer an explanation why the adsorption on the dielectric induces such large bends in the molecule.

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“… 24 − 26 Importantly, graphene plasmons were also exploited to enhance the sensitivity of infrared and Raman spectroscopy, but only localized modes were studied. 27 − 29 …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are hybrid light–matter quasiparticles formed by the coupling of electromagnetic waves and collective charge oscillations. , They enable subwavelength trapping of light that yields extreme concentration of the electromagnetic field, enabling nanoscale modification of light–matter interactions . Low-dimensional materials such as 2D van der Waals structures and one-dimensional nanotubes support various polaritonic excitations from the mid-infrared to the visible range. − Low-dimensional plasmons have the advantage of high confinement ratio and easy tunability by the dielectric environment or carrier density. − A particularly important phenomenon is strong coupling of quasiparticles which permits applications like induced transparency, polariton lasing, changing of the rate of chemical reactions, or enhanced sensitivity in infrared and Raman spectroscopy. − Strong coupling of low-dimensional plasmons was demonstrated by showing hybridization of graphene plasmons with phonon polaritons of various substrates. − Importantly, graphene plasmons were also exploited to enhance the sensitivity of infrared and Raman spectroscopy, but only localized modes were studied. − …”

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confidence: 99%

Direct Visualization of Ultrastrong Coupling between Luttinger-Liquid Plasmons and Phonon Polaritons

et al. 2022

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Ultrastrong coupling of light and matter creates new opportunities to modify chemical reactions or develop novel nanoscale devices. One-dimensional Luttinger-liquid plasmons in metallic carbon nanotubes are long-lived excitations with extreme electromagnetic field confinement. They are promising candidates to realize strong or even ultrastrong coupling at infrared frequencies. We applied near-field polariton interferometry to examine the interaction between propagating Luttinger-liquid plasmons in individual carbon nanotubes and surface phonon polaritons of silica and hexagonal boron nitride. We extracted the dispersion relation of the hybrid Luttinger-liquid plasmon–phonon polaritons (LPPhPs) and explained the observed phenomena by the coupled harmonic oscillator model. The dispersion shows pronounced mode splitting, and the obtained value for the normalized coupling strength shows we reached the ultrastrong coupling regime with both native silica and hBN phonons. Our findings predict future applications to exploit the extraordinary properties of carbon nanotube plasmons, ranging from nanoscale plasmonic circuits to ultrasensitive molecular sensing.

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Large-area nanoengineering of graphene corrugations for visible-frequency graphene plasmons

Cited by 22 publications

References 45 publications

Exploring Interfaces Through Synchrotron Radiation Characterization Techniques: A Graphene Case

Exploring Interfaces Through Synchrotron Radiation Characterization Techniques: A Graphene Case

Large Distortion of Fused Aromatics on Dielectric Interlayers Quantified by Photoemission Orbital Tomography

Direct Visualization of Ultrastrong Coupling between Luttinger-Liquid Plasmons and Phonon Polaritons

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