Lamellar-structured biomass-derived phosphorus- and nitrogen-co-doped porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors

Abstract

Carbon derived from fish scale, prepared through chemical activation, exhibits excellent supercapacitive performance in aqueous and ionic liquid electrolytes.

From basil seed to flexible supercapacitors: Green synthesis of heteroatom‐enriched porous carbon by self‐gelation strategy

“…Hence, the high levels of pyrrolic‐N and graphitic‐N on BHPC‐700 would be beneficial for contributing pseudocapacity and improving conductivity for energy storage. Although the P and S contents on the BHPC‐700 are relatively low, the P doping could stabilize oxygen functionalities on the BHPC‐700 during the electrochemical charging, and consequently improve the reaction stability . Moreover, the S atoms offer reversible pseudo‐sites and a more polarized surface for BHPC‐700, which would result in superior capacitive performance …”

“…Although the P and S contents on the BHPC-700 are relatively low, the P doping could stabilize oxygen functionalities on the BHPC-700 during the electrochemical charging, and consequently improve the reaction stability. 29 Moreover, the S atoms offer reversible pseudosites and a more polarized surface for BHPC-700, which would result in superior capacitive performance. 30 According to N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, SEM images, and XPS analysis, it can be deduced that the BHPC-700 sample possessed not only a large SSA and welldeveloped porosity but also abundant heteroatom functionalities.…”

Biomass-derived carbon materials with structural diversities and their applications in energy storage

“…Because N doping can enhance the electronic conductivity and wettability, while O, B, S or P-doping can provide the pseudo-capacitance, enlarge the carbon interlayer distance and increase additional active sites, N, O co-doping [34,122,123,129,138], N, B co-doping [35,147], N, S codoping [81,92,146,148] and N, P co-doping [39,99,149] have been designed to further improve the electrochemical performances of biomass-derived carbon materials. For instance, Sun et al [147] reported a separated N, B co-doped porous graphitic carbon from nitrogencontaining chitosan through coordinating boric acid and Fe catalyst, and followed by ZnCl 2 -activation process.…”

“…In addition, the biomass-derived carbon materials with 2D sheets have been prepared by carbonized leaf [34,[90][91][92], stalk [25,93], nutshell [94], waste coffee grounds [95], okara [96], eggplant [97], silk [98], fish scale [99], biomass-based molecules (chitosan [100] and gelatin [35]), etc. These biomass precursors themselves have a multiple layer structure or cause a new structural rearrangement to form 2D sheets during the pyrolysis.…”

Boron-Doped Carbon Nano-/Microballs from Orthoboric Acid-Starch: Preparation, Characterization, and Lithium Ion Storage Properties

“…Various precursors with different heteroelement species [15][16][17][18] or increased amount of heteroatoms [4,9,10,[19][20][21][22] including N [20,[23][24][25], P [4,[15][16][17][18][26][27][28][29][30], S [31][32][33][34], Si [9,21,22], and Sn-doping [7,35,36] have been explored to upgrade the carbonaceous anodic materials for Li + ion storage due to their great high theoretical specific capacity of Li + ion storage. Although boron could effectively adjust the lattice defect related to the structure disorder of carbon materials, there are quite few reports on boron-doped carbon as Li + ion storage anode [37].…”