Lactobacillus plantarum ATG-K2 and ATG-K6 Ameliorates High-Fat with High-Fructose Induced Intestinal Inflammation

Abstract

Obesity has become a worldwide health problem, and many significant inflammatory markers have been associated with the risk of side effects of obesity and obesity-related diseases. After a normal diet or high-fat diet with high-fructose water (HFHF) for 8 weeks, male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four experimental groups according to body weight. Next, for 8 weeks, a normal diet, HFHF diet, and HFHF diet with L. plantarum strains ATG-K2 or ATG-K6 were administered orally. Compared to the control group, the HFHF diet group showed significantly increased visceral fat, epididymal fat, and liver weight. The mRNA and protein expression levels of FAS and SREBP-1c were higher in the HFHF diet group than in the HFHF diet with L. plantarum strains ATG-K2 and ATG-K6. The HFHF diet with L. plantarum strain ATG-K2 showed significantly decreased inflammatory cytokine expression in the serum and small intestine compared to the HFHF diet group. Furthermore, histological morphology showed minor cell injury, less severe infiltration, and longer villi height in the small intestine ileum of the HFHF diet with L. plantarum strains groups than in the HFHF diet group. These results suggest that L. plantarum strains K2 and K6 may help reduce intestinal inflammation and could be used as treatment alternatives for intestinal inflammatory reactions and obesity.

Lactiplantibacillusplantarum ATG-K2 Exerts an Anti-Obesity Effect in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiome

“…The present study found that L. plantarum ATG-K2 decreased TNF-α mRNA expression levels in the small intestine and serum TNF-α levels. This finding is supported by previous reports that L. plantarum ATG-K2 reduced the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, and NF-κB in the small intestine of high-fat and high-fructose diet fed rats [22]. These results indicate that L. plantarum ATG-K2 relieves intestinal inflammation, contributing to its protective effect against HFD-induced obesity.…”

“…We have previously proven Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATG-K2 isolated from fermented cabbage, a traditional Korean food [ 20 ], possesses a beneficial effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and intestinal inflammation in high-fat and high-fructose diet fed rats [ 21 , 22 ]. However, no previous study has examined the anti-obesity effects of this probiotic strain.…”

Lactobacillus plantarum Metabolites Elicit Anticancer Effects by Inhibiting Autophagy-Related Responses

“…The relieving effect of L. plantarum on intestinal inflammation has been reported in other studies [ 56 , 57 ]. The gene expression and production of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2) increased in Caco-2 cells and a DSS-induced mouse model [ 58 , 59 ].…”

A Potential Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum JBC5 Improves Longevity and Healthy Aging by Modulating Antioxidative, Innate Immunity and Serotonin-Signaling Pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans

“…Studies suggest that the lactobacilli population decreases with age, and supplementation of probiotic lactobacilli to older adults improves their health by modulating gut microbiota composition, enhancing immunity and gut health [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Previous reports indicated the role of lactobacilli on longevity with different features of healthy aging such as resistance to oxidative stress and toxicity, protection against pathogenic infections, reducing fat accumulation, improving cognition, alleviating inflammation, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. However, a single microbe affecting these diverse features of healthy ageing will increase the acceptance and marketability as a next generation probiotic.…”