La infancia anormal en Chile y la pedagogía experimental de Wilhelm Mann (1860-1920)

Salas, Gonzalo; Scholten, Hernán; Hernández-Ortiz, Silvana; Rojas-Jara, Claudio; Ravelo-Contreras, Ernesto L.

doi:10.14718/acp.2019.22.2.12

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Mann was a transnational agent in the history of psychology and experimental pedagogy-a bridge for the establishment of networks of scientific and cultural collaboration between Chile and Germany. In another Mann's German text titled Die deutschen Schulen Chiles in ihren Beziehungen zu den pädagogischen Fortschritten Deutschlands sowie zur Entwicklung des chilenische [The German Schools of Chile in Their Relations with the Pedagogical Progress of Germany] Mann (1918), lead to conclude that the relationship of Chile and Germany in terms of exchange of educational and psychological ideas was active since the late 19th century until the first two decades of 20th century (Salas et al, 2019). government as a means of will formation and teaching.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological experiments on student self-government: The early impact of Wilhelm Mann’s work in Chile and the German Empire.

Millán¹,

Salas²,

Marsico³

2023

History of Psychology

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One of the most important successes in the history of psychology in Chile was the foundation in 1908 of the first experimental psychology laboratory in Santiago by the German psychologist Wilhelm Mann (1974–1943). Four years later, Mann give a shift to his classical experimental psychology research to intervene in the discussions about German School Reform (1900–1920). Mann used Chile as a “testing ground” for explore the viability of student self-government published in three papers. The method used to verify the early impact of Mann’s papers was the quantitative analysis of citations with Publish or Perish software using a Google Books database and Scripta Paedagogica. The reception of Mann’s texts was analyzed using the context of citation and the functions and use of those citations. The three unknow Mann’s papers about Student Self-Government published in 1913 and his citations. The results shows that Mann’s critics and recommendations published in one of his papers was the fourth more citated in a database of 16 foundational German works of to self-student government. Finally, this Mann’s article was cited and used in an ideological way to argue in favor of reactionary and conservative opinions of school democratization in German Empire teacher circles. Mann’s diagnosis and critical suggestions was recognized by prominent German philosophers and pedagogues. Precisely Mann criticized the Student Republics as the only way to stimulate the student self-government for their artificial character and especially for the loss of students’ psychological individuality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological experiments on student self-government: The early impact of Wilhelm Mann’s work in Chile and the German Empire.

Millán¹,

Salas²,

Marsico³

2023

History of Psychology

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“…From a Foucauldian perspective, Wilhelm Mann was considered one of the pioneers in the introduction of “psy knowledge” in Chilean schools at the beginning of the 20th century as part of a strategy to homogenize the Chilean population (Fuentes‐Salazar, 2018; Salas et al, 2019). This perspective has been contradicted in papers and books that have studied his work in detail and shown that in fact, one of Mann's research interests was the psychic individuality of the Chilean child (Parra‐Moreno, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, in 1901, he published a paper on causality in the work of Baruch Spinoza (Mann, 1901). In 1903, Mann was hired by the Chilean government to teach pedagogy and philosophy and replaced the German psychologist Georg Heinrich Schneider as director of the Liceo de Aplicación at the Instituto Pedagógico 7 (Salas, 2012, 2014; Salas et al, 2019). Once Mann was established in Chile, in 1905, the Chilean Council of Public Instruction accepted his proposal to found an experimental psychology laboratory in Santiago and approved resources to travel to Europe and the United States to purchase the instruments that would be used in the research (Mann, 1908).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reception of experimental pedagogy and psychology in Chile. Analysis of the intellectual influences of Wilhelm Mann, 1904–1915

Millán

Salas

2023

J History Behavioral Science

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This article provides a detailed analysis of the intellectual research project of Wilhelm Mann, one of the pioneers of experimental and educational psychology in Chile. Mann's work has been the object of so little analysis that his intellectual influences and networks are not clearly known. We analyzed 338 intratext citations from 22 works by Wilhelm Mann published during the period 1904–1915. As a result, we obtained a mapping of his cooperation networks and used a quantitative approach to study the authors who most influenced his career, among whom were William Stern, Herbert Spencer, Wilhelm Wundt, Alfred Binet, and Ernst Meumann. Mann was closely connected to the international and contemporary advances and discussions of his time, despite the lack of infrastructure and difficulties in communication. Mann was the first psychologist to develop a long‐term project in Chile that aimed to measure the individualities of Chilean students and their intellectual development.

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“…¿Cómo fue posible establecer la diferencia entre niños normales y anormales? A través de estadísticas y técnicas como encuestas y observaciones de campo que hacían posible la construcción de instrumentos, pruebas y métodos psicométricos que medían la inteligencia de acuerdo con el coeficiente intelectual (CI) de los estudiantes (Salas et al, 2019). Como bien han sintetizado los trabajos de Fuentes (2018), Mayorga (2018) y Parra (2015), desde la década de 1920 se apreció un influjo más claro en este y otros ámbitos educativos de ideas francesas y estadounidenses de la mano de John Dewey y su Escuela Nueva.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

La “educación para anormales” y la pedagogía terapéutica de Juan Sandoval Carrasco. Chile, 1928-1970

León¹

2022

Atenea (Concepc.)

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estrategia: la pedagogía terapéutica, creada y aplicada por el profesor Juan Sandoval Carrasco. Tal propuesta hizo posible la generación de conocimientos acerca de la anormalidad infantil y la definición de una identidad profesional para maestros y maestras, así como entregó herramientas a los menores, y a sus padres, para conducirse en la vida e interactuar con el resto de la sociedad, a la vez que permitió modificar, con el paso del tiempo, las representaciones y percepciones acerca de los menores con problemas mentales y conductuales.Palabras clave: historia de la educación, historia de la psicología, anormalidad, educación especial, pedagogía terapéutica Abstract: From the contributions of the history of education and psychology, this paper looks into the representations created around the field of abnormal childhood and the pedagogical practice derived from it: the education for abnormal children. Taking a more concrete form in the creation of a specific institution: the Escuela Especial de Desarrollo (1928) and since the 1940s, the generation and implementation of a strategy: Therapeutic Pedagogy, created and applied by Professor Juan Sandoval Carrasco. This proposal enabled the generation of knowledge about children's abnormality, and the definition of a professional identity for teachers. It also provided tools to children and their parents to conduct themselves in life and to interact with the rest of society, while

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La infancia anormal en Chile y la pedagogía experimental de Wilhelm Mann (1860-1920)

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Psychological experiments on student self-government: The early impact of Wilhelm Mann’s work in Chile and the German Empire.

Psychological experiments on student self-government: The early impact of Wilhelm Mann’s work in Chile and the German Empire.

Reception of experimental pedagogy and psychology in Chile. Analysis of the intellectual influences of Wilhelm Mann, 1904–1915

La “educación para anormales” y la pedagogía terapéutica de Juan Sandoval Carrasco. Chile, 1928-1970

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