“…The most obvious benefit of technology is the contextualization of pragmatics learning made available via technology. For example, CMC tools (e.g., SMS, chat, blogs, and video conferencing) can offer space for learners to directly interact with users of the target language across distances (Cunningham, 2019;Li, 2019;Tang, 2020). Digital games and virtual reality (VR) space (both desktop and immersive VR) can provide interactive and immersive environments where learners simulate different roles in diverse social settings (Holden & Sykes, 2013;Kaplan-Rakowski & Wojdynski, 2018;Sykes, 2009Sykes, , 2013Taguchi, 2021;Vilar-Beltrán & Melchor-Couto, 2013; for a review, see Blyth, 2018;Lan, 2020;Sykes & Dubreil, 2019).…”