L'Egypte fatimide: Son art et son histoire

Walker, Paul E.; Barrucand, Marianne

doi:10.2307/606551

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…128, 133. 95 Piloti (1958Mujani (2012), p. 46;Marzûq (1965); Cahen (1965); Lev (1999); Ashtor (1977), p. 266;Chapoutot (1980), p. 508, disagrees with Ashtor that the t'irâz was a capitalist institution as it was linked to luxury textile production for the court. Cf.…”

Section: Technological Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

Was there Economic Decline in Mamluk Egypt in the Late Middle Ages?

Christ¹

2021

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Did the Egyptian economy decline in the late Middle Ages? This article discusses possible causes for Egypt's apparent decline: climate, epidemics, breakdown of irrigation agriculture, violence, weak institutions, and a failure to adopt new technology. It argues that the demographic impact of contagion, perhaps exacerbated by climate change, transformed Egypt. Agriculture contracted in step with reduced demand and the manufacturing sector outsourced mass production to Europe while concentrating on high-quality products. Primary and secondary sectors thus declined while the tertiary sector (international trade and higher education including numerous madrasas) thrived: by the end of the Middle Ages, Egypt had moved towards a fully mature knowledge economy.

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Section: Technological Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

Was there Economic Decline in Mamluk Egypt in the Late Middle Ages?

Christ¹

2021

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The Destruction of Cultural Memory (2001 Presidential Address)

Humphreys¹

2002

Middle East Stud. Assoc. Bull.

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The First Jewish Books and the Early History of Jewish Reading

Stern¹

2008

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Among the earliest surviving dated Jewish codices are a group of Bibles that were produced in the Near East—Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Tunisia, and Iraq—between the early tenth and mid-eleventh century. Known as Masoretic codices—because they also are the first Bibles to contain the marginal annotations known as the Masorah—these books have long attracted scholarly attention for multiple reasons— for their biblical texts and Masoretic annotations, for their codicological significance, and for their decoration and art. This article seeks to show that they also represent a watershed moment in the early history of Jewish reading. The first half of the article describes these codices and their contents, the Masorah in particular. The second half of the article argues that these codices are our earliest evidence for a professional class of Jewish readers, namely, the Masoretes, who are the first figures known in Jewish history to have acquired actual knowledge of the Bible from the visual experience of reading its text on a written surface. In the earlier classical rabbinic period, knowledge of the Bible was primarily acquired through the auditory experience of hearing the Bible read aloud. The final part of the article attempts to contextualize this signal moment in the history of Jewish reading practice within a number of other contemporary and early medieval developments, including the rise of Karaism and the growth of new types of biblical interpretations, peshat in particular.

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L'Egypte fatimide: Son art et son histoire

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Was there Economic Decline in Mamluk Egypt in the Late Middle Ages?

Was there Economic Decline in Mamluk Egypt in the Late Middle Ages?

The Destruction of Cultural Memory (2001 Presidential Address)

The First Jewish Books and the Early History of Jewish Reading

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