Kuromoji (Lindera umbellata) Essential Oil Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Cells

Abstract

Kuromoji (Lindera umbellata) essential oil (KEO) has long been used in Japan as a traditional medicine. It contains linalool (C 10 H 18 O), a naturally occurring small terpenoid. For this study, we investigated the antiinflammatory effect of KEO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Mouse macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS. Then they were treated with 25 or 50 g/mL of KEO for 24 h. KEO suppressed LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production such as that of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and protein levels were suppressed by treatment with KEO cells. In addition, by treatment with 25 or 50 g/mL of linalool showed the same anti-inflammatory effect. The results suggest that KEO and linalool can be regarded as a natural resource for use in anti-inflammatory therapeutic products.

The preventive effect of linalool on acute and chronic UVB-mediated skin carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice

“…Previously, linalool has been reported to inhibit VEGF and TGF-β1 expression in different experimental models. [35][36][37] Linalool possessed the strongest inhibitory activity against various carcinoma cells. 18,38 Apoptosis is a controlled mechanism which limits the survival of cells with irreparable cellular damage and avoids malignant transformation.…”

Terpenoids as Source of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds

“…Essential oil suppressed LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production such as that of NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in a dosedependent manner. In addition, iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression and protein levels were suppressed by treatment with KEO cells [19]. Cannabidiol (CBD) was isolated from flax fabric extract.…”

“…Histopathological analysis demonstrated that both of hydroalcoholic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction had comparable antiarthritic activity with methotrexates [39]. The 19-nor-clerodane trans-crotonin (CTN) (19) and the triterpene acetyl aleuritolic acid (AAA) (20) isolated from the stem bark of Croton cajucara Benth. Compound showed exhibited significant inhibition in the dextran-induced edema 90 minutes after the stimulus: 31.9% for CTN and 28.5% for AAA.…”

Extraction and Isolation of Kaempferol Glycosides from the Leaves and Twigs of Lindera neesiana

“…Flavonoids have also reportedly been isolated from several Lindera plants including Lindera umbellata, Lindera lucida, Lindera erythrocarpa, Lindera aggregata, and Lindera obtusiloba [7,8]. Lindera plants and isolated compounds have been studied for different biological activities including cytotoxic [9,10], anti-inflammatory [11,12], anti-hypertensive [13], hepatoprotective [14], and antioxidant activities [15,16].…”