Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil

Álvares, Clayton Alcarde; Stape, José Luiz; Sentelhas, Paulo César; Gonçalves, José Leonardo de Moraes; Sparovek, Gerd

doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0507

Cited by 9,353 publications

(5,745 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The climate in the region is sub-tropical with average annual temperatures of 21.3°C and annual precipitation of 850 mm [59]. Four main soil types are found in the region (Figure 1a).…”

Section: Study Site and Crop Calendarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Guided Segmentation and Classification of Multi-Temporal Landsat 8 Images for Crop Type Mapping in Southeastern Brazil

et al. 2015

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Only well-chosen segmentation parameters ensure optimum results of object-based image analysis (OBIA). Manually defining suitable parameter sets can be a time-consuming approach, not necessarily leading to optimum results; the subjectivity of the manual approach is also obvious. For this reason, in supervised segmentation as proposed by Stefanski et al. (2013) one integrates the segmentation and classification tasks. The segmentation is optimized directly with respect to the subsequent classification. In this contribution, we build on this work and developed a fully autonomous workflow for supervised object-based classification, combining image segmentation and random forest (RF) classification. Starting from a fixed set of randomly selected and manually interpreted training samples, suitable segmentation parameters are automatically identified. A sub-tropical study site located in São Paulo State (Brazil) was used to evaluate the OPEN ACCESSRemote Sens. 2015, 7 14483proposed approach. Two multi-temporal Landsat 8 image mosaics were used as input (from August 2013 and January 2014) together with training samples from field visits and VHR (RapidEye) photo-interpretation. Using four test sites of 15 × 15 km 2 with manually interpreted crops as independent validation samples, we demonstrate that the approach leads to robust classification results. On these samples (pixel wise, n ≈ 1 million) an overall accuracy (OA) of 80% could be reached while classifying five classes: sugarcane, soybean, cassava, peanut and others. We found that the overall accuracy obtained from the four test sites was only marginally lower compared to the out-of-bag OA obtained from the training samples. Amongst the five classes, sugarcane and soybean were classified best, while cassava and peanut were often misclassified due to similarity in the spatio-temporal feature space and high within-class variabilities. Interestingly, misclassified pixels were in most cases correctly identified through the RF classification margin, which is produced as a by-product to the classification map.

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“…The climate in the region is sub-tropical with average annual temperatures of 21.3°C and annual precipitation of 850 mm [59]. Four main soil types are found in the region (Figure 1a).…”

Section: Study Site and Crop Calendarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Guided Segmentation and Classification of Multi-Temporal Landsat 8 Images for Crop Type Mapping in Southeastern Brazil

et al. 2015

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“…The climate for the two regions is classified according to Köppen as Cfb, humid mesothermic, with mild summer and uniformly distributed rainfall, without a dry season and with average air temperature in the cooler months between -3 ° C and 18 ° C and average air temperature in the warmest month of about 22 ° C (ALVARES et al, 2013). adaptability, the harmonic mean relative performance of genetic values (HMRPGV) predicted by BLUP method was used based on the work by Resende (2004;.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GENETIC GAIN FROM DIFFERENT SELECTION METHODS IN Eucalyptus macarthurii PROGENIES IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS

Engel

Higa

Andrejow³

et al. 2016

CERNE

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ABSTRACT:The aims of this research was to estimate genetic parameters of Eucalyptus macarthurii progenies and to predict genetic gain for different selection methods. In order to evaluate the gains, eleven progenies tests were studied. These tests were installed in 1997, in randomized blocks design, in two sites, with 5 replicates of five plants per plot. The progenies were evaluated, from the first to the eighth year, regarding the variable diameter at breast height (DBH). The genetic parameters were estimated using the mixed model procedure (REML/BLUP). The selection of the progenies for establishing a Clonal Seed Orchard was based on the analysis by location, joint analysis and on the harmonic mean of the relative performance of genotypic values (HMRPGV) with different selection intensities among and within families: three, four, five and six individuals per progeny with the selection of the top 30 individuals, taking into consideration the effective population size ( e N ). The best age to carry out the selection was seven years old, however, early selection can be made from age two onwards. Each environment characteristics influenced progenies phenotypic expression, so the higher gains in balance with e N , were estimated with the selection of individuals for each site, and the selection of five or six individuals per progeny. GANHOS GENÉTICOS POR DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE SELEÇÃO EM PROGÊNIES DE Eucalyptus macarthurii EM DIFERENTES AMBIENTES RESUMO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estimar parâmetros genéticos de progênies deEucalyptus macarthurii e estimar ganhos genéticos por diferentes métodos de seleção. Foram utilizados testes de onze progênies, instalados em 1997 em blocos ao acaso, em dois ambientes, com 5 repetições de 5 plantas por parcela. Os indivíduos foram avaliados desde o primeiro ao oitavo ano, quanto à variável diâmetro à altura do peito. Os parâmetros genéticos foram estimados pela metodologia de modelos mistos (REML/ BLUP). A seleção de progênies para formação de Pomar Clonal de Sementes baseou-se na análise por local, análise conjunta e no método da média harmônica do desempenho relativo dos valores genéticos (MHPRVG) com diferentes intensidades de seleção entre e dentro de famílias: três, quatro, cinco e seis indivíduos por família, com seleção dos 30 melhores indivíduos, considerando-se o tamanho efetivo populacional ( e N ). A idade mais indicada para se realizar a seleção foi aos sete anos de idade, porém uma seleção precoce pode ser realizada a partir dos dois anos. As particularidades de cada ambiente influenciaram na expressão fenotípica das progênies, de modo que os maiores ganhos, em equilíbrio com o e

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“…(L.) in the community of Palermo, Lauro Müller, southern state of Santa Catarina (28° 25'49.84''S and 49° 27'.06.68"W). The climate is Cfa, humid subtropical, with hot summers and no dry season (ALVARES et al, 2014). The soil of the region is clayey (CIRAM, 2002) and the vegetation has characteristics of a dense submontane rain forest (VIBRANS et al, 2013).…”

Section: Martignago Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey Bee Contribution to ‘Bordô’ Grapevine Fruit Production in Southern Brazil

2017

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ABSTRACT-The production of fruits and seeds of many crops is increased when bees visit their flowers pollinating them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different pollination treatments on 'Bordô' grapevine (Vitis labrusca L.) fruit quantity and quality. Quantitative and qualitative fruit production parameters of plants visited by Apis mellifera L., manually self-and cross-pollinated plants and plants without pollination were analyzed and compared. Fruit production was high for all treatments and all fruits presented four seeds per fruit, on average, confirming that this grape cultivar is autogamous. However, fruit set after spontaneous self-pollination was statistically lower than that of all other treatments, and pollination by A. mellifera showed the highest fruit production. Furthermore, pollination by honey bees resulted in increased biomass, reflected on fruit weight, but the content of soluble solids remained unchanged. The results of this study showed that there is no need of pollinators for fruit production of 'Bordô' cv., but the presence of these agents, in particular Apis mellifera, influences commercially important quality parameters such as fruit yield and fresh weight. Therefore, the use of bee hives in areas with deficit of pollinating insects may promote an improvement in yield and quality of this cultivar. Index terms: Self-and cross-pollination, Apis mellifera, Vitis labrusca. CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA ABELHA MELÍFERA PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE FRUTOS DA VIDEIRA 'BORDÔ' NO SUL DO BRASILRESUMO-A produção de frutos e sementes de várias culturas é favorecida quando abelhas visitam suas flores, efetuando a polinização. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes métodos de polinização sobre a quantidade e qualidade de frutos da videira 'Bordô' (Vitis labrusca L.). Foram analisados e comparados parâmetros quantitativos e qualitativos da produção de frutos oriundos de visitas por Apis mellifera, de autopolinização manual, de polinização cruzada manual e sem indução de polinização. A produção de frutos foi elevada em todos os tratamentos, e foi observada a formação de quatro sementes, em média, por fruto, confirmando que a cultivar é autocompatível. Entretanto, a proporção de frutos formados por polinização espontânea foi significativamente menor em relação aos outros tratamentos e a polinização por A. mellifera apresentou a maior produção de frutos. Além disso, a polinização por abelhas resultou em aumento significativo da biomassa, refletido na massa dos frutos após a polinização, mas não na quantidade de sólidos solúveis nos frutos. Neste estudo, foi evidenciado que não há necessidade de utilização de agentes polinizadores para a produção de frutos da cv. 'Bordô'. Entretanto, a presença desses agentes, em especial de Apis mellifera, influencia parâmetros de qualidade comercialmente importantes, como a quantidade e a biomassa dos frutos. Assim sendo, o uso de colmeias de abelhas em regiões que apresentam déficit de insetos polinizadores pode promover melhoramento no rendimento e na...

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Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil

Cited by 9,353 publications

References 26 publications

Self-Guided Segmentation and Classification of Multi-Temporal Landsat 8 Images for Crop Type Mapping in Southeastern Brazil

Self-Guided Segmentation and Classification of Multi-Temporal Landsat 8 Images for Crop Type Mapping in Southeastern Brazil

GENETIC GAIN FROM DIFFERENT SELECTION METHODS IN Eucalyptus macarthurii PROGENIES IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS

Honey Bee Contribution to ‘Bordô’ Grapevine Fruit Production in Southern Brazil

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